异龙湖不同湖区浮游植物群落特征及其与环境因子的关系  

Characteristics of Phytoplankton Community and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors in Different Regions of Yilong Lake,Yunnan Province,China

作　　者：王振方 张玮[1,2,3] 杨丽 徐玉萍[4] 赵风斌 王丽卿 WANG Zhen-fang;ZHANG Wei;YANG Li;XU Yu-ping;ZHAO Feng-bin;WANG Li-qing(Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrient(CREEFN)of the Ministry of Agriculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;College of Life Science and Technology,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学农业部鱼类营养与环境生态研究中心,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [4]暨南大学生命科学与技术学院,广州510632 [5]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《环境科学》2019年第5期2249-2257,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：云南省重大科技项目(2013FD048)

摘　　要：异龙湖是云南省第九大湖泊,属典型的高原浅水湖泊.为了解该湖不同湖区浮游植物群落特征,于2013年8月至2014年7月逐月对该湖西区、东区和沉水植被恢复示范区浮游植物及环境因子进行调查分析.结果表明,不同湖区生境条件具有空间异质性,示范区和西区水体总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、氨氮(NH_4^+-N)、五日生化需氧量(BOD5)、透明度(SD)、浊度(Turb.)和电导率(EC)等理化指标无显著差异,而与东区有显著差异性(P <0. 05). 3个湖区浮游植物密度均以蓝藻门所占比重最大,浮游植物优势类群不同,西区细小平裂藻(Merismopedia tenuissima)优势度最高,东区拉氏拟柱孢藻(Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii)和湖生伪鱼腥藻(Pseudanabaena limntica)优势度最高,示范区细小平裂藻和拟项圈藻(Anabaenopsis sp.)优势度最高.通过主坐标分析(PCo A)对3个湖区浮游植物群落β多样性进行比较发现,西区和示范区群落结构较为相似,而与东区具有极显著的差异(P <0. 01).运用冗余分析(RDA)探讨异龙湖浮游植物群落特征与环境因子的关系,结果表明,TN、TP、BOD5和SD是影响异龙湖浮游植物群落分布的主要环境因子,NH_4^+-N、EC、高锰酸盐指数和p H值对浮游植物群落也有一定的影响.Yilong Lake,a shallow,plateau lake,is the ninth largest water body in the Yunnan Province,China.In order to figure out the characteristics of phytoplankton communities in different regions of this lake,the phytoplankton and environmental factors in the west region,east region,and in a submerged macrophytes restoration demonstration region were monthly investigated and analyzed from August 2013 to July 2014.The results showed that the habitats in different regions were spatially heterogeneous.Total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),ammonia nitrogen(NH4+-N),five-day biochemical oxygen demand(BOD5),transparency(SD),turbidity(Turb.),and electrical conductivity(EC)had no significant differences between the demonstration region and the west region,but these two regions showed significant differences in comparison with the east region(P<0.05).The largest phytoplankton density was Cyanophyta and the dominant species in the three regions were different.Mersmopedia tenuissima had the highest dominance in the west region;Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and Pseudanabaena limntica were the most dominant taxa in the east region;while Merismopedia tenuissima and Anabaenopsis sp.were dominant in the O.uminata restoration demonstration region.PCo A compared theβdiversity of phytoplankton communities in the three different regions based on the entire year investigations.It was found that the community structures of the west region and O.uminata restoration demonstration region were similar(P>0.05),but they were significantly different from the community from the east region(P<0.01).Redundant analysis(RDA)showed that TN,TP,BOD5,and SD were the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of phytoplankton community in Yilong Lake.In addition,NH4+-N,EC,permanganate index,and p H also have a certain effect on the phytoplankton community.

关 键 词：浮游植物 异龙湖 高原湖泊 空间异质性 富营养化 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X173