高坝挑流掺气水舌对水垫塘动水压强的缩尺影响  

Scalling effects of an aerated jet produced by high arch dam upon hydrodynamic pressure in water cushion pool

作　　者：孙建[1] 李玉柱[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学水电学院,陕西西安710048 [2]清华大学水利系,北京100084

出　　处：《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》2002年第5期624-630,共7页Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics

基　　金：国家"九五"重点科技攻关项目 (96-2 2 1- 0 5- 0 1- 0 2 )

摘　　要：应用动量积分法 ,导出掺气水舌的一维扩散方程 ,用龙格库塔法求解 ,得到掺气水舌在水垫塘中扩散的流速分布 ,表明增大水舌掺气量会使水舌在水垫塘中的扩散流速衰减加快 ;分析得到掺气对水垫塘底板动水压强的缩尺影响的估算公式。对前苏联拉得任水垫塘原型观测资料进行验证计算 ,并对小湾工程、溪落渡水垫塘掺气缩尺影响进行了估算。研究表明比尺为 10 0～ 15 0的重力相似模型中 ,水垫塘底板动水压强缩尺为 λΔp =1 3- (λ) 2 。By applying momentum integral method, the equation of aerated jet diffusing in water cushion was given. By solving it with Runge-Kuta method, the velocity distribution of an aerated jet in water cushion pool was obtained. Calculated results show that the increase in the aeration of jet makes diffusive velocity decline faster. The scalling effect of aerated jet upon hydrodynamic pressure produced in water cushion pool was analyzed, and the verification was made using the data of prototype observation on the Laderen Dam. And then the estimations of scalling effect of the water cushion pool of the Xiaowan arch dam and the Xiluodu arch dam were made, which shows that there is the scalling effect in the hydraulic model of scale 100～150 modeling according to Froude's law, and that the scale of hydrodynamic pressure changes inλ Δp=1/3～λ2 .

关 键 词：掺气挑流 高坝 水垫塘 动水压强 缩尺 

分 类 号：TV653.3[水利工程—水利水电工程]