有机磷中毒时血中残余有机磷监测与清除的实验研究  

Study on monitoring and clearing of organophosphate in blood in organophosphate poisoned rats

作　　者：张建余[1] 赵金垣[1] 郑永权[2] 邵向东[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院职业病研究中心,现在重庆市职业病防治院100083 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护所农药系

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2002年第6期413-415,共3页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：国家科学技术委员会"九五"科技攻关课题 ( 96 90 6 0 4 11)

摘　　要：目的　探索单剂或混配有机磷农药中毒后血中残余有机磷水平的有效监测及清除的新方法。方法　 (1 )将染毒大鼠全血与健康大鼠全血等体积混匀后测定全血胆碱酯酶 (ChE)活力 (简称“混血法”) ,以正常大鼠全血ChE活力受抑制程度反映大鼠血中残余有机磷水平 ;(2 )给染毒大鼠经腹腔注射 5 % (质量分数 )NaHCO3液 ,监测血中残余有机磷水平 ,以观察NaHCO3液清除血中残余有机磷的效果。结果　 (1 )气相色谱法检测染毒大鼠血中残余有机磷水平与“混血法”的监测结果基本相符 ,均与染毒前的差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5)。 (2 ) 1 0只染毒大鼠经 5 %NaHCO3液治疗后 ,中毒表现、全血ChE活力、脑ChE活力、血中残余有机磷水平等监测结果差异均无显著性 (P >0 .0 5) ;但肺组织病理观察显示 ,用NaHCO3液治疗的染毒组大鼠比未用NaHCO3液治疗的染毒大鼠的肺间质炎症及水肿明显减轻。结论　 (1 )以全血ChE活力测定为基础的“混血法” ,在中毒剂量范围内可较好地反映血中残余有机磷的粗略水平 ;(2 )单用NaHCO3液治疗混配或单剂有机磷农药中毒 ,难以满意地清除血中残余有机磷 。Objective To study the new method of monitoring and clearing organophosphate in blood during single or mixed organophosphate(OP) poisoning. Method (1)Mixed equal volumes of blood of OP poisoned rat and healthy rat,then determine whole blood cholinesterase(ChE) activity.The descending range of ChE activity represents the level of residual OP in blood.(2)Poisoned rats by single or mixed OP pesticides were injected with 5% NaHCO 3 15 ml/kg intraperitoneally,then the level of OP in blood was detected. Results (1)The monitoring results of blood residual OP by gas chromatopraphy were similar to that by 'Mixes blood method',which showed significant difference( P <0.05) from that before OP administation.(2)NaHCO 3 injection could not improve the toxic symptoms and whole blood or brain ChE inhibition in 10 OP poisoned rats,blood residual OP level was also not affected,but lung pathological changes by OP such as interstitial inflammation and oedema showed some relief. Conclusion The monitoring of blood ChE by 'mixed blood method' may reflect the general level of the blood residual OP within the range of exposure dose.The effect of NaHCO 3 was not satisfactory,but it may improve OP induced lung psthological changes.

关 键 词：实验研究 杀虫药 有机磷 农药残留量 农药中毒 气相色谱法 

分 类 号：R595.4[医药卫生—内科学]