PE-C、ABS改性硬质聚氯乙烯的性能和增韧机理  

PROPERTIES AND TOUGHENING MECHANISM OF PVC-U/PE-C AND PVC-U/ABS BLENDS

作　　者：周丽玲[1] 蔺玉胜[1] 杨静漪[1] 吴其晔[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学高分子科学与工程学院,青岛266042

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2002年第12期8-11,共4页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(59373116)

摘　　要：研究不同用量的氯化聚乙烯(PE-C)和(丙烯腈/丁二烯/苯乙烯)共聚物(ABS)对硬聚氯乙烯(PVC-U)二元共混体系力学性能的影响,用电子显微镜观察了冲击断面和微观结构。结果发现,随增韧剂用量不同两种共混体系的冲击性能曲线均可分为“脆性断裂”、“脆韧转变”和“韧性断裂”三个区。不同的是,PE-C在PVC-U中形成网络结构,而ABS是以颗粒或聚集体分散在PVC连续相中。拉伸时,PE-C易与基体共同发生剪切屈服产生“剪切带”;ABS作为应力集中体引发银纹。“剪切带”和“银纹”都对PVC-U增韧起着重要的作用。The influences of PE-C and ABS on the mechanical properties of PVC-U/PE-C and PVC-U/ABS blend were studied. The experimental results showed that the dependence of the blends impact strength on the dosage of ABS or PE-C could be described as a 'S' curve. The microstructure and impact-surface of the blends were also investigated by SEM and TEM. It was found that ABS dispersed in the form of particles or aggregates in PVC-U matrix while PE-C tended to disperse as a net-structure. In the tensile course, ABS initiated crazes as stress concentrators to toughen the PVC-U matrix, PE-C with the PVC-U matrix together, gave a yield-deform by shear stress-to form 'shear belt'. The formation of 'craze' and 'shear belt' had important contributions to the toughening of PVC-U.

关 键 词：PE-C ABS 改性 硬质聚氯乙烯 性能 增韧机理 冲击强度 形貌 

分 类 号：TQ325.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]