中国西北地区云时空分布特征的初步分析  

Spatial and Temporal Distributions of Cloud over Northwest of China

作　　者：宜树华[1] 刘洪利[1] 李维亮[1] 刘煜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《气象》2003年第1期7-11,共5页Meteorological Monthly

摘　　要：利用国际卫星云气候计划 (ISCCP)获取的 1 983年 7月～ 1 993年 1 2月的月平均云资料 ,分析了西北地区云的分布特征和季节变化。发现西北地区的云量与地形有很好的一致性 :塔里木盆地是云量最少的地区 ,而且以云层较薄的积云和高云为主 ;在天山、昆仑山、祁连山一带 ,存在着云量的极大值区 ,其中云层较厚、水汽含量较高的层云、雨层云、深对流云占了很大的比例。值得注意的一点是 ,云的这种时空分布特征具有明显的地域性和稳定性 ,有利于开展人工增雨工作。The characteristics of geographical distribution and season change of clouds over Northwest of China are analyzed based on the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project(ISCCP) mean monthly data from July 1983 to December 1993. It is shown that the cloud amount distribution over Northwest of China is coherent with orographic distribution. There is the least cloud amount over the Tarim Basin, where the dominant clouds are relatively thinner in cloud layer, such as cumulus and high level clouds. There are the extremum regions of the cloud amount over the Tianshan Mountains, the Kunlun Mountains, and the Qilian Mountains, where the dominant clouds are relatively thicker in cloud layer, and relatively greater in vapor amount, such as stratus, nimbostratus, and deep convective cloud.What is worth noting is that the spatial and temporal distributions of cloud have distinguished stability and local features, which benefits to the artificial rain enhancement.

关 键 词：中国 西北地区 云 ISCCP 人工增雨 水汽含量 季节变化 

分 类 号：P426.52[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]