早产低体重儿病死率下降的治疗体会  

Clinical experience on decreasing the mortality of preterm infants

作　　者：刘瑞霞[1] 屠青[2] 齐平[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学第二医院,天津300211 [2]天津医科大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《天津医科大学学报》2002年第4期497-499,共3页Journal of Tianjin Medical University

摘　　要：目的 :分析1991年～2000年早产低体重儿发病与病死率变化并总结相关经验。方法:住院新生儿2974例 ,早产儿1164例 ,资料分前后两个5年进行比较 ,用SPSS10.0软件进行统计学处理。按胎龄 (周 )分为4组≤32、33～34、35～36、≥37 ,按体重(g)分为4组≤1025g、1026～1500g、1501～2000g、>2000g,通过早产伴窒息婴儿的临床资料分析与病死率下降关系密切的治疗体会。结果:(1)胎龄≤32～34周 ,体重1026～2000g病死率 ,后5年较前5年下降差异有显著性。(2)后5年早产儿窒息、败血症病死率下降 ,但其发病率并无下降 ,差异均有显著性。 (3)强调新生儿基础监护和早期相关治疗包括 :暖箱温度调控 ,保护心、脑、肾的液体治疗 ,早期心、肺功能的支持措施 ,营养性及肠道喂养 ,早期感染的诊断和处理等。结论:早产窒息及败血症病死率下降说明近5年新生儿的治疗措施有明显改进 。Objective: To study the change of mortalily in preterm low birth weight infants and to analyse the clinical experience in past 10 years.Methods:All the admission newborn infants in past 10 years were involved, the number of ,preterm were 1 164 in total 2 974.The cases divided into 2 groups as early and later 5 years.Database comparison between 2 groups by SPSS10.0 software. According to gestational age(weeks)infants divided into 4 groups (≤32,～34,～36,≥37),according to weight(g) infants divided into 4 groups (≤1 025 g,～1 500 g,～2 000 g,>2 000 g).Mortality rate analyzed in each group and observed the relationship between mortality and clinical treatment.Results:(1)Mortality rate was decreased in later 5 years group which involved the gestational age ≤32,～34 week and birth weight 1 026～2000 g,there are significant differene with early 5 years groups.(2)In later 5 years,the mortality rate of asphyxia and sepsis in preterm infants was decreased.The morbidity rate of preterm asphyxia and sepsis didn't change in later 5 years.(3) The improved skills including: incubator temperature control, reasonable fluid and electrolytes treatment to protect from heart brain and kidney damage, trophic feeding, and early diagnosis and treatment of etc bacterial infection.Conclusion: The clinical skills are improved in later 5 years for decreasing the mortality rate of preterm infants asphyxia and sepsis, but the morbidity didn't change in these diseases.It shows the out born infants can be payd more attention to early management in delivery room.

关 键 词：早产儿 低体重 病死率 治疗 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]