核电厂事故应急局地实时剂量评价系统的模式与参数  

THE MODEL AND PARAMETERS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM FOR LOCAL REAL-TIME DOSE ASSESSMENT OF AN ACCIDENT IN NUCLEAR POWER PLANT

作　　者：胡二邦[1] 王寒[1] 孟旭晨 

机构地区：[1]中国辐射防护研究院

出　　处：《辐射防护》1992年第1期62-68,共7页Radiation Protection

摘　　要：本文介绍在核电厂事故应急局地实时剂量评价系统中应用的拉格朗日烟团模式及相应的参数。对烟团轨迹考虑了事故期间风向、风速的变化,采用有效扩散参数以考虑烟团迁移期间大气稳定度等气象条件的变化,干沉积采用源耗减模式,湿沉积采用冲洗系数方法,还考虑了放射性衰变及烟团部分穿透混合层的修正。鉴于我国在建核电厂皆位于沿海地区,文中还给出了内边界层条件下烟团公式的处理方法。对于实时剂量评价,主要考虑了烟云浸没外照射、吸入内照射和沉积放射性核素外照射三种照射途径。最后,以秦山核电厂为例估算了 PWR1事故的环境影响,给出了部分计算结果。A Lagrangian puff model and its parameters are presented which has been used in a local real-time dose assessment system for accidents in nuclear power plant.The changing of wind directionand wind speed during the accident is taken into account in determining the puff trajectory.The effec-tive diffusion parameter is adopted in order to consider the changing of meteorological condition such asatmosphere stability during puff transfer.The source depletion model and washout coefficient methodsare used for dry and wet deposition processes respectively.A correction factor for radioactive decay andpartial plume penetration has been also given in the model.A puff model under internal boundary layeris developed as two nuclear plants under construction in China are on the coast.For real-time close as-sessment,the main exposure pathways which should be considered are as follows:the external exposurefrom plume immersion,internal exposure from inhalation and external exposure from deposited ra-dionuclides.Finally the impact in the environment caused by an postulated accident PWR1 at Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant is illustrated,a part of the results is given.

关 键 词：核电厂 事故 应急 剂量 评价 

分 类 号：TL93[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]