黄土高原人工油松林枯枝落叶层的水土保持功能研究  

STUDIES ON SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION FUNCTIONS OF LITTER IN CHINESE PINE STAND ON LOESS PLATEAU

作　　者：赵鸿雁[1] 吴钦孝[1] 刘国彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,杨凌712100

出　　处：《林业科学》2003年第1期168-172,共5页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 (编号 40 1710 93 );中科院知识创新工程重大项目 (编号KZCX1 0 6 0 1 0 3 )

摘　　要：In order to expound the role of litter in controlling soil and water loss,the soil and water conservation functions of litter in Chinese pine stand have been studied,using the method of location monitor combined with simulation experiment.The results of the studies showed that the average interception rate of the litter is 12.4%,it’s retarding effect on runoff is related to litter thickness,slope and runoff depth.The mathematical equation between them is ΔT =13.490· l 0.245 · α -0.200 · q -0.186 ,the annual soil evaporation restrained by litter of 2 cm in thickness is 138 6mm,and the litter of 1 5 cm in thickness can decrease the splash erosion by 97 5% and increase soil antiscourability by 96 7%.Compared with the bare slope,the physical and chemical properties of soil covered with litter are improved obviously.All these provide the scientific basis for the rational management of forest and the estabishment of the optimal structure of stand.In order to expound the role of litter in controlling soil and water loss,the soil and water conservation functions of litter in Chinese pine stand have been studied,using the method of location monitor combined with simulation experiment.The results of the studies showed that the average interception rate of the litter is 12.4%,it's retarding effect on runoff is related to litter thickness,slope and runoff depth.The mathematical equation between them is ΔT =13.490· l 0.245 · α -0.200 · q -0.186 ,the annual soil evaporation restrained by litter of 2 cm in thickness is 138 6mm,and the litter of 1 5 cm in thickness can decrease the splash erosion by 97 5% and increase soil antiscourability by 96 7%.Compared with the bare slope,the physical and chemical properties of soil covered with litter are improved obviously.All these provide the scientific basis for the rational management of forest and the estabishment of the optimal structure of stand.

关 键 词：黄土高原 油松林 枯枝落叶层 水土保持功能 

分 类 号：S714.7[农业科学—林学] S791.254