化学处理和微生物混合培养对水稻秸秆腐解和组分变化的影响  

Effect of Chemical Treatment and Microbial Incubation on the Decomposition and Component Changes of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Straw

作　　者：徐勇[1] 沈其荣[1] 钟增涛[1] 陈湘淮[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境学院,南京210095

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2003年第1期59-65,共7页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目 (3 983 0 2 2 0 );国家科技部"863"资助项目 (2 0 0 1AA2 460 81)

摘　　要：利用化学处理和微生物混合培养对水稻秸秆进行接力腐解处理。结果表明 ,化学处理后秸秆中二氧化硅的含量降低了 5 0 %左右 ,C/N从 5 3降到 2 1。经过接力处理的秸秆中半纤维素、纤维素和木质素的降解率均极显著高于其它处理 ,分别高达 12 .84 %、12 .12 %和 15 .96 %。微生物在经过化学处理后的秸秆中生长较在未处理秸秆中迅速。秸秆中碳氮含量的消长反映了微生物分解和利用秸秆的动态过程。化学处理和微生物接力处理有利于促进秸秆腐熟度的提高 ,并能保持微生物的持续生长 。The effects of chemical treatment and microbial incubation on decomposition and component changes of rice straw were examined through two day chemical treatment and successive 50 day laboratory incubation, respectively. C/N ratio and the contents of silicon of rice straw were decreased significantly after chemical treatment. The decomposition rate of the insoluble carbon in the chemically treated rice straw plus inoculation with two kinds of bacteria populations was increased significantly, and the decomposition rate of semi cellulose, cellulose and lignin in straw with chemical treatment were 12.84%, 12.12% and 15.96%, respectively. Many active bacteria were found in the chemically treated rice straw incubated with the kinds of bacteria at the end of incubation period. These results suggest that rice straw with a relay treatment of chemistry and microorganisms represents a good and efficient way to utilize the crop straw.

关 键 词：微生物混合培养 组分变化 水稻 化学处理 秸秆处理 秸秆腐熟度 生物有机肥 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学]