铁路工程建设中重塑坡面单元产流产沙规律研究  

RUNOFF AND SEDIMENT YIELD ON RESHAPED SLOPES DURING RAILWAY CONSTRUCTION

作　　者：奚成刚[1] 杨成永[1] 许兆义[1] 

机构地区：[1]北方交通大学土建学院,北京100044

出　　处：《土壤》2003年第1期48-52,61,共6页Soils

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50178002)。

摘　　要：本文通过野外人工降雨试验的方法,对铁路工程建设中各主要坡面单元的产流产沙情况与原始坡面的产流产沙情况进行了比较研究。发现:(1)坡面产流:施工营地>路堑边坡>>施工便道原始地面;(2)坡面产沙:路堑边坡>>施工便道>施工营地原始地面。同时对工程中影响坡面产流产沙的因素进行了讨论,认为:(1)工程中重塑坡面单元上的产流主要受坡度和坡面土层的密实度等因素的影响,而坡面土壤前期含水量亏缺程度则是影响产流时间的关键因素;(2)重塑坡面单元上的侵蚀程度主要受坡面土层密实度、坡度以及受人为干扰土层的厚度等因素的影响。Through the experiment of outdoor artificial rainfalls, the law of runoff and sediment yield on reshaped slopes during railway construction were studied and compared with that on crude slopes. The results indicate 1) construction encampment>road cutting slope> construction shortcut≈crude slope in terms of runoff and 2) road cutting slope>construction shortcut>construction encampment≈crude slope in terms of sediment yield. Besides, factors affecting yield of runoff and sediment on the slopes during railway construction were also investigated, with results showing that 1) runoff on reshaped slopes is mainly affected by gradient of the slope and density of the soil layer on the slope and that moisture saturation of the soil layer on the slope before raining is the key factor deciding the starting time of runoff, and 2) intensify of the soil erosion on the reshaped slope is chiefly influenced by density of the soil on the slope, gradient of the slope and depth of the soil layer disturbed during railway construction.

关 键 词：铁路工程建设 重塑坡面单元 产沙规律 水土流失 单位降雨侵蚀量 产流规律 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]