TRACE-P期间硫酸盐、硝酸盐和铵盐气溶胶的模拟研究  

A Numerical Study on Distribution of Sulfate, Nitrate and AmmoniumAerosols over East Asia during the TRACE-P Campaign

作　　者：张美根[1] 韩志伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《高原气象》2003年第1期1-6,共6页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：中国科学院"引进国外杰出人才"计划 (全球环境变化-碳循环 )项目资助

摘　　要：结合最新评估的东亚地区 1°× 1°污染源资料 ,利用由区域大气模式系统 (RAMS)和区域大气质量模式系统 (CMAQ)耦合的空气质量模式系统 ,对东亚地区 2 0 0 1年春季气溶胶的输送及其化学转化过程进行了研究。为了检验模式系统的模拟效果 ,我们将模拟的硫酸盐、硝酸盐和铵盐气溶胶的浓度与TRACE -P观测期间获取的观测值进行了比较。比较结果显示 ,模拟值与观测值具有相当好的一致性 ,模式很好地反映了气溶胶浓度的分布特征和变化规律 ,再现了许多观测到的重要特征。模拟结果表明 ,中国区域硫酸盐气溶胶浓度高值主要是人为排放的二氧化硫造成的 ,10 0°E以东的中国广大地区的硫酸盐气溶胶柱含量超过了 6mg·m- 2 ,最高值达到 2 4mg·m- 2 ,柱含量 >16mg·m- 2 的区域延伸到中国近海的广大海域。东亚地区的人类活动不仅使污染地区气溶胶柱含量显著增加 ,而且使近海无源区的广大海域的污染加重。本模式系统的建立为今后进一步研究区域大气污染物的变化机理提供了有效的手段。Based on the recently estimated emission inventory in East Asia with a resolution of 1°×1°, specially prepared for TRACE-P(TRAnsport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific), the Models-3 Community Multi-scale Air Quality modeling system(CMAQ) coupled with the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) was used to study the transport and chemical transformation of aerosols in the springtime over East Asia. Model calculated concentrations of aerosols, e.g., sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium, were compared with observed ones obtained on the ground and aboard the aircrafts of DC8-13 and P3B-15 during the TRACE-P campaign. Comparison shows that model calculations agree reasonably well with observations, and the model catches temporal and spatial variations of aerosol concentrations well and reproduces many of the observed important features. Model results show that high concentrations of sulfate aerosols in China are mainly caused by human activities, and over the broad area of China to the east of 100°E, column burden of sulfate aerosols exceeds 6 mg·m -2 with maximum value of 24 mg·m -2. The areas with concentration higher than 16 mg·m -2 even extend to the East China Sea, which implies that human activities in East Asia result in a rapid increase in sulfate column burden not only in the source regions of its precursors but also in offshore water. The development of this model system provides a useful tool in future study on air pollution in the region.

关 键 词：硝酸盐 铵盐 东亚地区 气溶胶 硫酸盐 柱含量 大气污染物 人类活动 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]