大鼠嗅球和鼻腔嗅粘膜成鞘细胞的形态学研究  

MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY ON OLFACTORY ENSHEATHING CELLS DERIVERED FROM OLFACTORY BULBS AND NASAL OLFACTORY EPITHELIUM IN ADULT RAT

作　　者：周长满[1,2] 买鸿宴[1,2] 杨立元[1,2] 于恩华 

机构地区：[1]北京大学基础医学院解剖学和组织胚胎学系,北京100083 [2]北京军医学院解剖学教研室,北京100071

出　　处：《解剖学报》2003年第1期11-14,共4页Acta Anatomica Sinica

基　　金：北京大学"985"行动计划项目 (70 7 68914 3 );"十五"军队医学杰出中青年科研基金项目资助(0 1J0 18)

摘　　要：目的　观察大鼠嗅神经成鞘细胞在嗅球和嗅粘膜的分布及其形态学结构特征 ,研究其与中枢神经再生的关系。　方法　Luxol固蓝染色、Mallory染色和NGFRp75免疫组织化学染色结合透射电镜观察。　结果　在嗅球纤维层的成鞘细胞随神经纤维呈纵向排列 ,在嗅小球层的成鞘细胞则围绕着嗅小球环行排列。在嗅粘膜的成鞘细胞位于柱状上皮深方 ,沿基底膜分布。成鞘细胞的胞体为细长梭形 ,有较长的突起 ,细胞核呈圆形或椭圆形。在嗅小球周围和嗅粘膜内的成鞘细胞呈NGFRp75免疫反应阳性。在电镜下 ,嗅球成鞘细胞的纵断面上可见其胞体呈长梭形 ,细胞核为不规则形 ,核仁清晰。在胞体的周围有大量的平行神经纤维纵向排列 ,在放大的横断面上 ,可见在 1个成鞘细胞的细胞核周围有数根神经纤维被胞质包裹在一起。　结论　嗅成鞘细胞是一种特殊的胶质细胞 ,分布于嗅球的纤维层、嗅小球层和嗅粘膜内。嗅神经成鞘细胞的胞体细长 ,有较长突起 。Objective Investigate the morphological features and distribution of olfactory ensheathing cells(Ecs) to study the relationship with CNS regeneration. Methods Luxol fast blue,Mallory special staining methods and TEM were emploed. Results ECs are distributed within the first two layers of olfactory bulb(OB) and olfactory epithelium along the olfactory nerve.The majority of cells are flattened with extended cytoplasm,although some are bipolar or tripolar with long and thin processes.NGFRp75 immunocytochemical reactive are sequentially expressed by ECs in the first two layers of OB and olfactory epithelium.TEM showed that the ECs possessed an irregularly shaped nucleus with a prominent nucleolus,and the mesaxon of each ECs encloses densely packed bundles of unmyelinated axons.Conclusion\ The ECs are a type of macroglia exclusively located in the first two layers of OB and olfactory epithelium,the morphology of EC is flattened with extended cytoplasm and the mesaxon of each ECs encloses densely packed bundles of unmyelinated axons.

关 键 词：嗅神经成鞘细胞 超微结构 神经生长因子受体75kD蛋白 神经再生 大鼠 

分 类 号：R322.81[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]