甲基叔丁基醚无铅汽油肝脏毒性的实验研究  

Experimental Study on Hepatoxicity of Gasoline with MTBE and without Lead

作　　者：杨红[1] 赵进顺[1] 高锦伍[1] 付筱[1] 何兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2003年第1期38-40,共3页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

摘　　要：[目的 ]探讨甲基叔丁基醚 (methyltertiarybutylether ,MTBE)无铅汽油对肝脏损伤的敏感指标及损伤机制。[方法 ]昆明种小鼠经呼吸道静式染毒 ,MTBE无铅汽油染毒剂量为 2 2 876.0、114 3 8.0及 2 2 87.6mg/m3 每天一次 ,连续 2h ,共 2 2d。全自动生化仪检测血清中谷丙转氨酶 (ALT)、谷草转氨酶 (AST)、碱性磷酸酶 (AKP)、γ 谷酰基转肽酶 (γ GT)含量 ;肝组织匀浆中丙二醛 (MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)含量分别用荧光法、苯三酚自氧化固定时间法测定 ;电镜观察肝细胞超微结构变化。 [结果 ]雌性小鼠各组酶活性及MDA、SOD含量差异不显著 (P >0 0 5 ) ;雄性小鼠 2 2 876.0mg/m3 染毒组AST、AKP和γ GT的活性高于阴性对照组 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。SOD含量随吸入MTBE无铅汽油量的增加而减少 ,各染毒组与对照组及染毒组间差异均有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ;电镜观察到 2 2 876.0mg/m3 染毒组雄性小鼠肝细胞滑面内质网增生 ,粗面内质网扩张、囊泡样变性 ,肝细胞核周间隙扩张 ,线粒体及肝窦区无明显改变。 [结论 ]MTBE无铅汽油对小鼠肝脏的损伤可能与脂质过氧化作用有关 ,雄性小鼠可能较雌性小鼠敏感。To investigate the sensitive index and mechanism of liver damage induced by methyl tertiary butyl ether(MTBE) unlead gasoline. Via respiratory tract,MTBE unlead gasoline was tested in Kun Ming mice,the concentrations were 22 876.0 , 11 438.0 or 2 287.6 mg/m 3,once daily,2 hours daily,for 22 days. The ALT,AST,AKP and γ GT in serum were determined ,the contents of SOD and MDA in homogenate of liver were also determined using the pyrogallol autoxidation method at fixed time and fluorometry respectively,meanwhile the damage of ultrastructure was observed with electron microscopy. The indexes including ALT,AST,AKP,γ GT,SOD and MDA were analyzed,the results showed that there was no significant difference between test and control group in female mice ( P >0 05). The AST,AKP and γ GT in serum increased in the male mice exposed to 22 876 0 mg/m 3 MTBE unlead gasoline ( P <0 05). SOD in liver homogenate decreased along with increasing of exposure to MTBE unlead gasoline ( P <0 05). The ultrastructure of hepatocytes in the male mice exposed to 22 876.0 mg/m 3 MTBE unlead gasoline was characterized by proliferation of smooth surfaced endoplasmic reticulum(SER),expanse and cystoid degeneration of rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum(RER). [Conclusion] The mechanism of liver damage induced by methyl tertiary butyl ether(MTBE) unlead gasoline may be related to the effect of lipid peroxide,and male mice may be more sensitive than female mice.

关 键 词：实验研究 甲基叔丁基醚 无铅汽油 肝毒性 超微结构 脂质过氧化 

分 类 号：R994.3[医药卫生—毒理学]