限域效应在表面合成化学中的应用  

Application of confinement effects in on-surface chemistry

作　　者：黄建民 王涛 朱俊发 Jianmin Huang;Tao Wang;Junfa Zhu(National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory and Department of Chemical Physics,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学国家同步辐射实验室和化学物理系,合肥230029

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2019年第3期516-524,共9页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:21473178;21773222)资助项目

摘　　要：利用"自下而上"的合成方法在表面构建不同的功能化纳米结构是目前表面化学领域的研究热点之一.为了实现对合成纳米结构的精确控制,通常需要选择合适的前驱体分子、金属衬底和反应动力学条件等.特别是,得益于衬底表面的二维环境,可以利用一些特殊的二维限域效应来调控表面化学反应,从而得到高质量和高产率的目标纳米结构.本文结合本课题组近期的研究工作,综述了几种不同的限域效应在表面合成化学中的应用,内容包括以下四个方面:(1)利用前驱体分子与衬底晶格参数之间的匹配关系控制不同对称性产物的生成;(2)利用前驱体分子自身的位阻效应调控表面反应;(3)通过制备表面模板控制合成产物的尺寸和形状;(4)利用表面自组装策略调控多路径的化学反应.此外,本文还对寻求更加精准的限域手段来调控表面反应进行了展望.Fabrication of different functionalized nanostructures by on-surface 'bottom-up' approach has drawn much attention in recent years. In order to realize a controllable synthesis of target nanostructures, well-designed precursors,suitable substrates and proper experiment conditions have to be selected. Particularly, some special surface-based confinement effects have been utilized for steering on-surface reactions. In this feature article, combined studies from our group, we summarize recent studies of different kinds of confinement effects in surface chemistry, which includes four aspects:(1) controlling the species of products through adsorbate-substrate symmetry matching;(2) steering onsurface reaction through a steric-hindrance effect of precursors;(3) control of the dimensions and morphologies of the products by employing super-gratings templates;(4) steering on-surface reaction by self-assembly approaches.Furthermore, we provide a short outlook for precise on-surface synthesis through two-dimensional confinement effects at the end.

关 键 词：表面合成 限域效应 低维纳米结构 反应调控 扫描隧道显微镜 

分 类 号：O647.11[理学—物理化学]