四种石棉纤维对大鼠肺脏的作用  

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT KINDS OF ASBESTOS ON RAT LUNGS

作　　者：杨美玉[1] 许贵华[1] 富博[1] 章吉芳 徐胜利[1] 赵秀清[1] 赵金铎[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳市劳动卫生职业病研究所

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》1992年第5期268-271,共4页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：350只Wistar种大鼠随机分为5组:温石棉、青石棉、阳起石、透闪石和对照组。气管注入染尘,剂量为40mg。粉尘粒子直径及纤维长度小于5μm,均占90％以上。大鼠在染尘后2、4、6、12和18个月分批剖检,检测全肺湿、干重,全肺胶原蛋白含量和肺病理检查。剩余1/3大鼠观察自然死亡及肿瘤发生情况。实验结果表明,四个实验组大鼠的肺干、湿重和胶原蛋白含量均高于对照组。肺病理均有明显网状纤维和少量胶原纤维增生。四种石棉都引起肺恶性肿瘤,其中温石棉3例,青石棉2例,透闪石和阳起石各1例。实验结果可见这些石棉不仅能引起肺纤维化,而且可影响恶性肿瘤发生。South 11th West. Rd.,Tiexi Distr. ,Shenyang, 110024, China) 350 Wistar rats were divided onto 5 groups: chrysotile,crocidolite, actinolite, tremolite and the control groups. These asbestoses were a administrated intertra-cheally and individually with a dosage of 40 mg each. Over 90% of the fibres were smaller than 5μm. in length. The rats were killed by the end of 2,4,6,12, and 18 months after injections. The wet and dry weight, the collagen content of the lungs and the histopathological changes of the lungs were observed.The rest one-third of rats were allowed to live until they died or appeared to be distressed.Full necropsy examinations were carried out for observation of the risk of developing malignant neoplasm. Results showed that the lung collagen contents of rats in experimental groups were higher than those of rats in the control group. Marked reticular fibre and a few collagen fibre were found pathologically in experiment groups.In the late stage of the experiment, malignant lung neoplasm appeared with all asbestos samples.A total of 7 lung tumours occurred, 3 of which were found in chrysotile group,2 in crocidolite group, 1 in tremolite and 1 in actinolite group. Results supported that these short asbestos fibre induced not only lung fibrosis, but also malignant neoplasm.

关 键 词：粉尘 石棉纤维 石棉肺 纤维化 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]