水稻品种多样性混栽持续控制稻瘟病研究  

Using Genetic Diversity of Rice Varieties for Sustainable Control of Rice Blast Disease

作　　者：刘二明[1,2] 朱有勇[3] 肖放华[1] 罗敏[4] 叶华智[5] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学植物病理实验室 [2]湖南省农业科学院植物保护研究所,长沙410125 [3]云南农业大学植物病理重点实验室 [4]湖南农业大学植保系 [5]湖南省农业科学院植物保护研究所

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2003年第2期164-168,共5页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家"8 63"资助项目 ( 3 980 0 10 2 )

摘　　要：在对 2个主栽品种 (生产上推广的当家杂交稻组合 )和 2个间栽品种 (优质感瘟 )进行抗性基因同源序列(resistancegeneanalogue ,RGA)遗传背景研究的基础上 ,配制 4个混合间栽组合。在烟溪 (山区 )进行小区试验和示范比较 ,发现不同品种混合间栽后 ,间栽区各品种的平均病叶面积率比净栽区降低 2 .7%～ 4 .1% ;穗瘟相对防治效果达 36 .88%～ 5 5 .10 % ;混合间栽的主栽品种与净栽的主栽品种相比 ,叶瘟和穗瘟的病情严重度差异不大。混合间栽品种的单位面积产量比净栽区有不同程度的提高 ,小区试验的增产幅度为 8.9%～ 14 .9%。结果表明 ,选择抗瘟性遗传背景差异大、株高差异突出的品种 ,以 1行优质稻∶5行主栽稻混合间栽 ,能起到控瘟增产的作用。On the basis of cluster analysis of RGA PCR DNA fingerprinting, four combinations of susceptible and resistant varieties, including two main cultivated high yielding hybrid varieties with blast resistance, and two inter planting varieties with good grain quality and susceptible to blast, were planted in experimental plots and farmer field in mountainous area of Yanxi. Results indicated that the average percent of disease leaf area of susceptible rice varieties reduced by 2.7-4.1% at 45 days after transplanting, when planted in mixtures with resistant varieties, compared with those under monoculture condition. The relative impact on panicle blast control in mixed cultivation was 36.88-55.10%. Compared with monoculture condition, the differences in leaf and panicle blast severity of resistant hybrid varieties were not significant in mixed planting condition. Grain yield of hybrid and quality varieties in mixed cultivation plots averaged 8.9-14.9% greater than that in monoculture. So varieties with distinct resistant genetic background and plant height should be planted at a ratio of 1 quality∶5 hybrid rows in mixed inter planting condition, which could be effective in disease control and increase grain yield.

关 键 词：遗传多样性 水稻 品种多样性 混栽 持续控制 稻瘟病 

分 类 号：S435.111[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]