地球深部物质和能量交换的动力过程与矿产资源的形成  

DYNAMIC PROCESS OF SUBSTANCE AND ENERGY EXCHANGES IN DEPTHS OF THE EARTH AND FORMATION FO MINERAL RESOURCES

作　　者：滕吉文[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 [2]吉林大学,吉林长春130026

出　　处：《大地构造与成矿学》2003年第1期3-21,共19页Geotectonica et Metallogenia

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40074020);中国科学院知识创新项目(KZCX2-109).

摘　　要：地球深部物质与能量的交换和深层动力过程这一科学问题的提出,乃是近年来地球科学发展与逐步向量化“进军”的必然,它是探索一系列地学前沿课题的基础。地球表面所见到的一系列地球物理场异常,地质构造格局,地球化学组分变异,无一不受到地球内部物质与能量的交换和深层动力过程的制约。如地球圈层的形成与演化,大陆伸展与裂谷,资源与能源等,均为深部物质运移和物理学、化学效应及地质构造耦合的产物。本文讨论了金属矿产资源与地壳、地幔结构及深部物质运移的动力学响应。通过几个典型矿床和其形成要素分析了成矿作用的深层动力过程。文中主要讨论了五个方面的问题:第一,金属矿产资源成矿和分布与地壳、地幔结构及深部物质运移和成矿带。第二,金的形成与深层过程。第三,金属矿床的形成、演化和分布与深部物质及能量的交换。第四,地幔热柱与成矿作用。第五,地球内部深层动力过程与流体运移和必须深化研究的几个问题。The scientific subject--substance and energy exchanges in depths of the earth and dynamic process, has been put forward in the past years, which is the base exploring a series of abstract problems on geoscience frontier, it is necessary that earth science advances towards quantifization gradually.No geological phenomenom seen in the surface of the earth such as abnormality of geophysical field, geological structural framework and variation of geochemical components are not constrained by them. For example, formation and evolution of spheres and layers of the earth, continent extension and rift as well as mineral and energy resources, etc. all are the coupling products among deep substances migration, physical chemical effects and geological structures. Dynamic response of metallic mineral resources and crust, mantle structure and deep substance migration is discussed in this paper. Through several typical mineral deposits and their forming essential factors the metallogenic deep dynamic process is analyzed. Five problems in the following are chiefly discussed: first,ore formation and distribution of metallic mineral resources and crust, mantle structure and deep substantial migration and metallogenic belts; second, precipitation of gold and its deep process; third, formation, evolution and occurrence of metallic ore deposits; forth, mantle plume and its metallogenesis and; fifth, deep dynamic process and fluid migration within the earth and problems necessarily further studied.Nowadays, the study on this scientific subject in geoscience cirle is just beginning, some results or explanations are still qualitative, of outline or supposition so that some of them are still little known or not known so far. Therefore, this paper proposes a series of scientific problems remaining to be further studied on relative substance and energy exchanges in depths and deep processes of formation of mineral resources having been discussed in the text, and brings forward an main body field to deepen knowledge and solve these proble

关 键 词：地球深部物质 能量交换 矿产资源 成矿作用 地壳 地幔 圈层耦合 

分 类 号：P612[天文地球—矿床学]