贡嘎山峨眉冷杉林凋落物的特征  

THE CHARACTERISTIC OF LITTERFALL OF ABIES FABRI FORESTS ON THE GONGGA MOUNTAIN

作　　者：罗辑[1] 程根伟[1] 宋孟强[1] 李伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041

出　　处：《植物生态学报》2003年第1期59-65,共7页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金：青藏高原形成氧化及其环境资源效应 (G19980 40 813);国家基础研究快速反应项目 ( 2 0 0 1CCB0 0 6 0 0 );中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目 (KZCX2_SW_319);国家重点自然科学基金项目 ( 39930 130 )

摘　　要：研究了贡嘎山峨眉冷杉 (Abiesfabri)林凋落物量、凋落物特征及其N、P、K、有机碳的归还量 ,并探讨了它们在演替进程中的变化。结果表明 ,峨眉冷杉成熟林、中龄林和幼龄林的凋落物量依次为 :2 80 9.92 5、2 787.0 86、2 0 43 .5 85kg·hm-2 ·a-1;其中N、P、K的归还量依次为 :34.85 0、33.917、42 .5 71kg·hm-2 ·a-1。峨眉冷杉林凋落物量及其N、P、K的归还量较少 ,与我国其它森林区针叶林存在一定差异 ,而与美国西北部冷杉林相近。Litterfall and nutrient return patterns were studied in three successional stages of Abies fabri forests on the east slope of Gongga Mountain. The rate of litterfall showed an increasing trend while succession proceeded. The seasonality of litterfall of Abies fabri mature and young forests was unimodal, with a distinct peak in October and a lean period from May to June, while the seasonality of litterfall of Abies fabri middle age forest was a binomial curve, with peaks in May and October. Annual litterfall of mature, middle age and young forests averaged 2 809.925, 2 787.086, and 2 043.585 kg·hm -2 ·a -1 , respectively. Leaf litter constituted 72.79%_77.66%of annual litterfall in all three forests. In all forests, the miscellaneous fraction made only a very small contribution (1.23%_3.54%) to the total litter production. The lichen and moss fraction also made a contribution (1.62%_5.19%) to the total litter production; this is an obvious feature of Abies fabri forest. Nutrient concentrations varied significantly between forests and litter fractions. Nutrient (N) concentrations were highest in the leaf litter, but litter concentration of mineral elements was lower than that of fresh foliage, due to resorption during senescence. The rate of N, P and K mass in the leaf that was resorbed during senescence showed an increasing trend in the order: middle age forest >mature forest > young forest. Nutrient (N, P, K) returns of the mature, middle age and young forests were 34.850, 33.917, and 42.571 kg·hm -2 ·a -1 , respectively. There are many differences of the litterfall and nutrient return patterns between Abies fabri forests and other types of conifer forests in China, but there also exist some similarities with Abies forests in the Northwest of America.

关 键 词：贡嘎山 峨眉冷杉林 凋落物 特征 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]