近2000年来内蒙后套平原黄河河道演变  

Evolution of the Yellow River in the Houtao Plain of Inner Mongolia in the Past 2000 Years

作　　者：李炳元[1] 葛全胜[1] 郑景云[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《地理学报》2003年第2期239-246,共8页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(49831080);中国科学院知识创新工程项目~~

摘　　要：通过遥感影像、地貌沉积、历史文献与地图等相关资料分析集成研究,将后套平原分为西部冲积扇平原,东部是泛滥冲积平原,并详细探讨了近2000年来本区黄河河道的演变。公元前2世纪时,后套西部平原南(上) 冲积扇停止发育,北(下) 冲积扇河道发育,黄河主河道的位置与现代不同,它偏于泛滥平原北部的阴山山前东流;公元6世纪后套平原西部北冲积扇上黄河河道向东移,在东部泛滥平原上黄河明显地分为南北两汊,而黄河主流仍位于河套平原北部山前;18世纪早期至末期,黄河主河道从河套平原的北部山前南移至平原南部;19世纪中叶‘北河’淤塞,现代黄河形成。Using the interpretation of remote sensing images and synthesis of the historical literature and maps, this paper deals with the river evolution of the Yellow River in the Houtao Plain, Inner Mongolia. The following results are obtained: It is deducted that the south alluvial fan whose acme is located near Ershiliuzi, south to Dengkou formed before the 2nd century BC. The Yellow River wandered with a converged pattern on the alluvial fan and then flowed northward until the southern foot of the Yinshan Mountains and then turned eastward.In the 2nd century BC, the development of the south alluvial fan was stopped at that time and the acme of the alluvial fan moved northward to nearby 8 km north to Bulongnao. The Yellow River wandered with a converged pattern on the new alluvial fan (the north alluvial fan), then northward till the southern foot of the Yinshan Mountains and along it eastward many courses converged. The Taiyangmiao depression between the south and the north alluvial fans became Tushenze Lake due to water collection.There are many paleochannels of the Yellow River in the eastern part of the Houtao Plain, most of which flowed from west to east.From the 6th century to the mid-17th century, the Yellow River in the Houtao Plain was divided into two branches, the South River and the North one.

关 键 词：黄河 河道演变 后套平原 内蒙古 地貌 遥感影像 地图 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] P931.1[天文地球—自然地理学]