水工建筑物基岩保护层开挖技术发展与思考  

Development and consideration on excavation technology of protection layers of foundation rock for hydraulic structure

作　　者：邹永明[1] 

机构地区：[1]武警水电第二总队,江西新余338029

出　　处：《人民长江》2003年第3期4-5,共2页Yangtze River

摘　　要：我国在建的大中型水电站基岩保护层开挖技术得到快速发展 ,为改进基岩保护层的开挖方法 ,简化爆破程序 ,一直把基岩保护层开挖一次爆除技术列为重点研究项目。我国现阶段水电站基岩保护层一次爆除技术试验研究和应用主要有以下几种方式 :①垂直炮孔孔底设置柔性垫层的小梯段毫秒延时微差爆破 ;②水平预裂加垂直孔孔间或排间微差爆一次性挖除 ;③水平孔光爆加水平梯段一次爆破挖除 ;④侧向保护层的开挖大多采用光面爆破加缓冲孔的方式开挖。通过不断努力研究 ,基岩保护层一次爆除技术得到成功和应用 ,但如何做到技术与经济的最佳组合 。Technologies for excavating protection layers of foundation rock of large and medium sized hydropower stations under construction in China are developing rapidly. In order to improve methods for excavating protection layer of foundation rock and simplify blasting procedures, the one time blasting technology for excavating foundation rock protection layer has been listed as a key research subject. At present, there are following ways for the experimental study and application of one time blasting technologies for excavating protection layers of foundation rock of hydropower stations in China:① small bench millisecond delay blasting with a soft cushion provided in the bottom of vertical holes;② horizontal presplit blasting together with short delay blasting between vertical holes or rows of holes; ③ horizontal hole smooth blasting together with horizontal hole bench blasting;④ smooth blasting together with cushion holes for excavating most of lateral protection layers. Through continuous efforts, the one time blasting technologies for excavating foundation rock protection layers have been successful and have found application, but how to achieve a best combination of technology with economy is still a subject to be extensively investigated.

关 键 词：水工建筑物 基岩 保护层 开挖 爆破 

分 类 号：TV542[水利工程—水利水电工程]