基于元胞自动机的多自主体人员行为模型及其在性能化设计中的应用  

A Multi-agent Model Based on Cellular Automata for Simulating Human Behavior to Assess Building Design Performance

作　　者：方伟峰[1] 杨立中[1] 黄锐[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,合肥230026

出　　处：《中国工程科学》2003年第3期67-71,共5页Strategic Study of CAE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (5 0 0 0 60 12 ;5 0 2 760 5 8) ;国家重点基础研究专项经费资助项目 (2 0 0 1CB40 960 0 )

摘　　要：目前性能化设计规范一个最主要的特点是从强调财产保护转变到强调生命安全保护 ,因此对建筑物内人员行为特征和运动规律的研究正越来越受到人们的重视。元胞自动机模型在交通流研究中的应用已经开展多年并取得了很多有用的成果 ,但涉及人的行为特征的研究往往十分复杂 ,在这方面利用自主体来研究具有较大的优势。给出的模型结合了这两方面各自的优势 ,是在元胞自动机交通流、行人流基本框架上建立起的多自主体人员行为模型 。In recent years, Cellular Automata (CA) micro simulation has emerged as an effective technique for modeling traffic flow and achieved a lot of success. But the human movement and occupant evacuation are much more complex than traffic flow. It is necessary for us to consider more human behavior characteristics if try to apply the model in practice. For the advantages of agent in simulating human intelligence, a multi agent model based on CA is presented which focuses on simulating the human behavior and the effect on human by building structure. In the model, people are represented by agents and they move over the network which is represented by a lattice of cells. Agents can perceive the local environment and choose their moving direction autonomously. In order to simulate human movement in very complex structure building the acquainting and evacuating states based on the ideas of artificial life are introduced and that is proved successful in simulation. Using this model the effect of the building structure on human behavior can be studied and the performance of building design can be assessed. [

关 键 词：多自主体人员行为模型 元胞自动机模型 性能化设计 设计规范 交通流 建筑物 消防 安全工程 

分 类 号：TU892[建筑科学] TP23[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]