煤烟型大气污染对儿童肺功能的影响  

Effects of air pollution from coal combustion on lung function in children

作　　者：王汉章[1] 赵赤鸿[1] 顾珩[1] 程义斌[1] 金银龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所,北京100050

出　　处：《卫生研究》2003年第2期138-140,共3页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：国家"九五"环保科技项目 (NO .96 91 1 0 7 0 1 )

摘　　要：为观察煤烟型大气污染对儿童健康的影响 ,选择了太原市 3个污染程度不同地区的 45 0名儿童进行肺功能测试和问卷调查。研究结果显示 ,儿童呼吸功能表现为重度污染区 <中度污染区 <相对清洁区 ;肺通气功能阻塞性异常率表现为重度污染区 >中度污染区 >相对清洁区 ;Logistic回归分析发现肺通气功能阻塞性异常率与小学生家庭的取暖方式、厨房和卧室是否分开以及污染物的水平有关 ;多元线性回归分析显示重度污染区儿童的FVC、FEF5 0与相对清洁区相比分别减少了 65 80ml、119 2 7ml,中度污染区儿童的FVC、FEF5 0与相对清洁区相比分别减少了 5 7 2 8ml和 114 2 9ml;Ln(SO2 )每升高一个单位 ,FVC和FEF5 0分别减少69 10ml和 119 79ml,Ln(PM1 0 )每升高一个单位 ,FVC、FEF5 0等分别减少了 193 5 0ml和 171 69ml。结果提示 ,太原市煤烟型大气污染对儿童呼吸系统产生了危害。In order to observe effects of air pollution from burning coal on children's health, Four hundred fifty junior schoolers selected from three survey sites in Taiyuan city with different degrees air pollution were investigated using questionnairing survey and the lung function were tested. The results showed that children's pulmonary function in survey site A is lower than site B, and site B is lower than site C. The prevalence of ventilation disfunction were correlated to the types of heating, the separation of kitchen and bedroom and the pollutants concentration with logistic model. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that compared with site C, FVC and FEF50 in site A decreased by 65 80±33 35 ml and 119 27±78 74) ml respectively and, in site B, decreased (57 28±31 22) ml and (114 29±58 80) ml respectively (Model 1). FVC and FEF50 decreased by 69 10(31 50 ml and (119 79±86 82) ml respectively with one unit increase of Ln(SO 2)(Model 2). FVC and FEF50 decreased by 193 50±65 55 ml and 171 69±87 11 ml respectively with one unit increase of Ln(PM 10 ) (Model 3). It can be concluded that the air pollution from coal consumption in Taiyuan city had impact on the children's lung fuction.

关 键 词：煤烟型大气污染 呼吸功能 LOGISTIC回归分析 

分 类 号：X831.02[环境科学与工程—环境工程] R174.6[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]