不同浓度铬盐饲料对鲤生长和血浆生化指标的影响  

Effect of chromium on growth and plasma biochemical indexes of Cyprinus carpio juveniles

作　　者：蔺玉华[1] 卢健民[1] 富惠光[1] 梁智龙[1] 赵淑敏 马俊杰 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150070 [2]哈尔滨市环境监测中心站,黑龙江哈尔滨150076

出　　处：《大连水产学院学报》2003年第1期48-51,共4页Journal of Dalian Fisheries University

基　　金：农业部九五攻关项目资助(渔95-B-96-03-04)

摘　　要：用添加不同浓度铬的饲料投喂1龄和3月龄鲤CyprinuscarpioL.,观察其生长状况。结果表明,用添加铬0 5mg/kg的饲料饲养1龄鲤65d,其相对生长率高于对照组13 79%,饲料转化率提高21 83%。饲养3月龄鲤40d期间,用添加铬1mg/kg的饲料饲养的鲤与对照组相比,其体重有增加趋势;用添加铬2mg/kg和5mg/kg饲料饲养的鲤分别在30、20d内生长缓慢,40、30d出现负生长;用含铬10mg/kg饲料饲养的鲤停止生长。总之,在饲料中添加低剂量的铬可以促进鲤的生长,添加高剂量的铬则抑制鲤的生长。对投喂含0 5mg/kg铬饲料组的鲤测定血清离子、Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+、PO3-4、Cl-含量和血糖浓度,结果与对照鱼无显著差异;测定其血清总蛋白、甘油三脂、谷丙转氨酶活性,均低于对照鱼,但仍在正常值范围内;对鲤的鳃、肝、肾组织进行病理检查,均未发现异常变化。本实验表明,饲料中添加铬饲养鲤的安全浓度应低于2mg/kg。One-year old and 3-month old Cyprinus carpio juveniles were fed diets supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0 or 10.0 mg/kg diet. Juveniles fed a diet with supplemental chromium of 0.5 mg/kg diet had 13.79% higher growth rate and 21.83% higher feed conversion rate than those in control group during a period of 65 days. However, the growth rates of fish fed diets supplemented with 2 mg Cr/kg and 5 mg Cr/kg decreased after 30 days and 20 days, and were inhibited after 40 days and 30 days, even for the fish fed diet with 10 mg Cr/kg stopping growth. There were no significant differences in plasma levels of Na+, Mg2+, PO3-, Cl- and blood glucose for fish both fed diets with 0.5 mg Cr/kg and fed control diet. Juveniles fed a diet with supplemental chromium had lower serum total protein, triglyceride and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) activity than those in control group. It is suggested that a diet containing chromium at a rate of less than 2 mg Cr/kg diet be save for Cyprinus carpio L.

关 键 词：铬 鲤鱼 生长 血浆生化指标 

分 类 号：S963.73[农业科学—水产养殖]