超细草酸镍粒子的制备及其形状和粒度控制  

Preparation of Ultrafine Nickel Oxalate and Control of the Particle Shape and Size

作　　者：童长钿[1] 李启厚[1] 赖复兴[1] 艾侃[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《湿法冶金》2003年第1期22-27,共6页Hydrometallurgy of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(批准号:59774018)。

摘　　要：研究了以氨镍络合-草酸沉淀法制备均匀细小纤维状和球形颗粒。溶液初始pH值和草酸加入方式对沉淀粉末颗粒的形貌具有显著影响。草酸以液体形式加入到氨镍溶液中,当氨镍溶液初始pH值小于8.0时,得到球形或类球形团聚体颗粒;当氨镍溶液初始pH值大于8.0时则得到纤维状颗粒;而草酸以固体形式加入时只能得到球形或类球形的颗粒。温度升高,有利于颗粒长大;分散剂的加入,有利于颗粒分散性能的改善。分析认为,溶液中氨的含量是影响颗粒形状的根本原因,固体草酸对沉淀物质的生长具有诱导效应,利于球形颗粒的生成。Uniform needlelike and spherical nickel oxalate particles are prepared by complexation precipitation process, which is based on the reactions between oxalate acid and ammonianickel chloride solution. The molar ratio of ammonia to nickel ion in the mixed solution is essential to determine whether spherical or needlelike particles are formed, which means ammonia concentration controls particle growth mechanism. When oxalate acid is added in the form of solid, it may induce earlyprecipitated substance to form spherical particles. The PVP agent can improve the dispersity of needlelike particles,and higher reaction temperature leads to form larger particles. The inductive effect of solid oxalate acid is favorable for preparing spheric particles.

关 键 词：超细粒子 草酸镍晶体 沉淀 粒度 形貌 控制 

分 类 号：TF123[冶金工程—粉末冶金]