10501例新生儿听力筛查结果  

Hearing screening of 10 501 newborns

作　　者：聂文英[1] 宫露霞[1] 刘玉俊[1] 相丽丽[1] 林倩[1] 戚以胜[2] 聂迎玖[2] 

机构地区：[1]济南市妇幼保健院 [2]北京市耳鼻喉科研究所

出　　处：《中华医学杂志》2003年第4期274-277,共4页National Medical Journal of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(301002O7)

摘　　要：目的 探索新生儿听力筛查的临床策略,了解新生儿听力损失的发病状况,以便早期干预。方法 应用瞬态诱发耳声发射技术(简称TEOAE)进行听力普遍筛查,对复筛未通过者,于生后3个月左右采用听性脑干反应(ABR)和40Hz听性相关电位(40 Hz-AERP)技术诊断。结果 自2000年5月至 2002年5月,可供听力筛查的新生儿数为11198例,实际筛查10501例(总体新生儿初筛率为93.8％);初筛通过8 882例(84.6％),需门诊复筛的共1619例,实际复筛人数1476例,通过1387例,门诊复筛率为91.17％。复筛通过率为93.97％。确诊新生儿先天性听力损失61例(90只耳),另加1例假阴性病例,由本组资料显示新生儿先天性听力损失在筛查儿中的发病率为5.90％。(单耳和双耳)。双耳听力损失在筛查儿中的发病率为2.86‰。初筛的假阳性率为14.91％。两步筛查后的假阳性率为0.26％。结论 通过筛查,新生儿听力损失可及早发现,并进行及早干预,有效的促进婴幼儿语言发育。Objective To investigate the results of hearing screening in newborns so as to explore the appropriate clinical strategy of hearing screening among newborns. Methods Transiently evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) was used to examine the hearing of 10 501 newborns 2 - 4 days after birth. Those who failed the initial screening underwent secondary screening with TEOAE. Acoustic brain-stem response (ABR) and 40 Hz AERP were used to monitor the healing of those who failed the secondary screening every 6 months since the age of 3 months to the age of 3 years. Results The false-positive rate was 14.92% in the initial screening, and was 0.26% after the 2-stage screening. 62 infants were diagnosed with hearing loss with a prevalence of congenital hearing loss (in one ear or two ears) of 5.90‰ and a prevalence of bilateral hearing loss of 2.76‰. Conclusion Hearing screening in the procedure with TEOAE, ABR and 40 Hz AERP helps identify infants with hearing loss as early as possible so as to conduct appropriate intervention.

关 键 词：新生儿 听力筛查 自发性耳声发射 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]