锑矿区土壤中锑的形态及生物有效性  

THE SPECIATION AND BIOAVAILABILITY OF ANTIMONY IN THE SOILS NEAR ANTIMONY MINE AREA

作　　者：何孟常[1] 云影[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境科学研究所,环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《环境化学》2003年第2期126-130,共5页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助 (No. 2 99770 0 2 )项目

摘　　要：通过室内模拟对锑矿区土壤中锑的分布、存在形态及生物有效性进行了研究 .结果表明 :在锑矿区土壤中含有高浓度锑污染 ,其存在状态主要以残渣态为主 ,其次是Fe/Mn结合态、有机 /硫化物结合态和碳酸盐结合态 ,可交换态和水溶态占的比率最小 .不同溶剂对锑的提取率不同 ,NH4NO3对锑的提取率最高 ,其次是EDTA ,HAc和H2 O ,NH4OAc对锑的提取率最小 .土壤中锑主要以五价锑的形态存在 ,几乎占总锑量的 90 %以上 .土壤中生物可利用态锑的浓度比较高 ,一般在 2 5— 1 3 2mg·kg- 1 ,中等可利用态占土壤总锑的1 6 2— 8 2 6 % ,生物不可利用态锑的浓度占 88 2— 97 91 % .Sampling and analyzing the soil samples near antimony mine area,the distribution,speciation and bioavailability of antimony in the soils were assessed.The results showed that the soils were heavily polluted by the antimony from the antimony mine and antimony smelter.The speciation of antimony in soil has following distribution order:residual phase>Fe/Mn hydrous oxides,organic/sulphidic phase,carbonate fraction>cation exchangeable and water-soluble fraction.The extraction ratio of some solvent was different.The order was NH 4NO 3>EDTA>HAc,H 2O>NH 4OAc.The main fraction of antimony in the soils was in the Sb(Ⅴ)speciation,the percent in totalanti- mony was up to 90%.The concentration of easily bioavailable antimony was high and reached to 2.5—13.2 mg·kg -1,the percent of moderately bioiavailable antimony reached to 1.62—8.26%,inert bioavailable fraction reached to 88.2—97.91% of total antimony in soils.

关 键 词：土壤 锑 形态 生态有效性 污染 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]