甲醛对雄性小鼠生殖细胞的毒性  

Toxicity of Formaldehyde on Germ Cells of Male Mice

作　　者：谢颖[1] 易义珍[1] 唐明德[1] 王伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学公共卫生学院环境卫生教研室,湖南长沙410078

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2003年第2期84-85,共2页Journal of Environment and Health

摘　　要：目的 研究甲醛对小鼠睾丸生殖细胞的一般毒性及对睾丸组织中山梨醇脱氢酶(SDH)活性的影响。方法 选用雄性昆明种小鼠为研究对象。甲醛染毒剂量分别为0.20、2.00、20.00 mg/kg。采用腹腔注射染毒5 d,观察睾丸组织的病理改变及SDH活性;进行精子计数并观察精子头畸形。结果 甲醛导致小鼠生殖细胞变性,坏死;随染毒剂量增加,精子数减少(P<0.01),精子头畸形率升高(r=0.953,P<0.01);睾丸组织中SDH的活性降低(P<0.01)。结论 甲醛具有小鼠生殖细胞毒性,SDH是甲醛生殖细胞损伤的生物效应标志物,精子头畸形率是判断环境中甲醛对生殖细胞一般毒性及其遗传物质损伤的检测指标。Objective To study the general toxicity of formaldehyde on germ cells and its effects on the SDH activity in testicle tissue of mice. Methods The 30 male Kunming mice were divided into 5 groups. 3 groups as exposure groups were in-traperitoneally injected with formaldehyde at doses of 0.20, 2.00 and 20.00 mg/kg respectively and continuously for 5 days. The other 2 groups were considered as controls positive and negative group. The pathological changes of testicle tissue of mice were observed by microscopy and the activity of SDH in testicle tissue was determined. The sperm count and the abnormal sperm's heads were observed by microscopy. Results Formaldehyde could induce the degeneration and necrosis in germ cells of mice. With the increases of the exposure doses of formaldehyde, the sperm count and the activity of SDH in testicle tissue of mice decreased (P<0.01) and the frequency of abnormal sperm increased (r=0.953, P<0.01). Conclusion Formaldehyde showed toxicity to germ cells of mice. SDH might be a biomarker reflecting the damages of germ cells in mice induced by formaldehyde. The frequency of abnormal sperm was an index for judging formaldehyde-induced general toxicity and damage of genetic materials of germ cells of mice.

关 键 词：甲醛 精子 畸形 精子计数 

分 类 号：X503.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程] R994.6[医药卫生—毒理学]