铁道车辆结构强度可靠性和安全性技术展望  

Reliability and safety technologies for the structure strength of railway vehicles in the future

作　　者：赵永翔[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程研究所,四川成都610031

出　　处：《铁道学报》2003年第2期92-97,共6页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：铁道部科技发展项目(2001J016);国家自然科学基金(50075073);全国优秀博士学位论文作者专项资金(2002067);牵引动力国家重点实验室开放基金(0103);教育部优秀青年教师资助计划项目(2101)

摘　　要：铁路运输正向高速、重载发展,结构强度可靠性与安全性技术是其中关键课题之一。在探讨现状基础上,预测了发展趋势。阐明了名义应力法较难合理应用于有限元分析结果和现场应变计检测结果;作者等人的试验工作揭示了材料循环应力 应变(CSS)响应存在分散性现象,这是现有理论与方法尚未涉及的领域。建议考虑随机CSS关系,建立局部应变强度可靠性理论体系、开展寿命周期理论研究,提升综合效能、创建车辆强度可靠性与安全性标准等3个值得研究的课题。Railway vehicles in China tend to run in heavy haul and high speed. Therefore, the reliability and safety of structure strength should be the key technologies. The situations of these technologies in the present are discussed and the forward development in the future is prospected. It is noted that the existent nominal stressbased approaches are not good valid to the local stressstrain data by finite element analysis and the local strain data by strainometer in field measurement. An additionally worthy note problem is the possibly random cyclic stressstrain (CSS) responses of engineering material revealed recently by author's experimental results, where there are not valid theories and methodologies. Therefore, three fundamental forward projects are suggested. One is to establish a theoretical system of local strainbased technologies for structural strength reliability analyses in which the CSS responses have been taken into account. Second is to develop a lifecycle technology to enhance synthetically the performance of vehicles. Third is to construct advanced design standard and licensed system for strength reliability and safety.

关 键 词：铁道车辆 结构 可靠性 安全性 应变分析 寿命周期 标准 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程] TH114[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]