高效驱油菌I的选育与室内岩芯模拟驱油研究  

Screening and Breeding of Strain I and Its Core Model Investigation for MEOR Indoors

作　　者：宋绍富[1] 张忠智[1] 雷光伦[1] 李庆忠[1] 赵树英[1] 

机构地区：[1]石油大学化工学院,北京102249

出　　处：《石油化工高等学校学报》2003年第1期31-35,共5页Journal of Petrochemical Universities

摘　　要：　从大港油田油层水中成功分离出一株具有较强驱油能力的优势菌株I,鉴定结果表明,该菌为革兰氏阳性,芽孢杆菌属。进一步的性能研究表明,它具有较好的环境适应性,能够耐受70℃高温,30%盐度,pH为3.5～9.4的酸度。以原油为碳源代谢有利于驱油的生物表面活性剂,并且具有降解石油烃的能力,能将大分子长链烷烃降解为小分子短链烷烃,降低原油的粘度,增加原油的流动性,有利于提高采收率。室内岩芯模拟驱油研究表明,该菌具有较好的驱油能力,以2%菌液驱油能够使原油的采收率提高21.6%;随着菌液浓度增大,采收率提高的幅度增大,注入菌液的时机不同,采收率提高的幅度也不同,以2%菌液在含水体积分数为50%时注入,增收效果最佳。另外,I菌经过紫外诱变表明,紫外诱变能够进一步提高其代谢生物表面活性剂的代谢水平,缩短其生长周期。The strain I was separated from the formation water of Dagang oil field, the analytical results show that the strain I is gram positive, bacillus, the further study reveals that this strain has an excellent fitness of environment: it can survive in 70 ℃, 30% salinity and pH value at 3.5～9.4. The strain can use crude oil as its single carbon source and metabolize biosurfactant that can increase oil recovery. It can also decompose the long chain paraffins with large molecular weight into short chain paraffins with small molecule weight, reduce the viscosity and increase the mobility of crude oil to enhance oil recovery. The core model experiments show that strain I has high performance in enhancing oil recovery, using 2% fermentation solution of strain I to displace the crude oil in the synthetic resin cementation core increased the oil recovery by 21.6%. With the increasing of microbial concentration, the oil recovery ratio increased, and different injection time brought out different effect. Furthermore, the metabolic ability for biosurfactant of strain I was improved, its lifecycle was shortened after ultraviolet mutagenesis and got the maximum cell concentration in less time.

关 键 词：生物表面活性剂 耐热 耐盐 岩芯模拟驱油 紫外诱变 

分 类 号：TE357.9[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]