有限覆盖密度下采集面元的选择原则  

Principle for Selection of Acquisition Bin under Limited Coverage Density

作　　者：王正军 苏卫民 

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团东方地球物理公司新疆物探处

出　　处：《中国石油勘探》2015年第6期44-51,共8页China Petroleum Exploration

基　　金：国家科技重大专项"大型油气田及煤层气开发"(2011ZX05019-004);中国石油"新疆大庆"专项"复杂地质条件物探技术研究及应用"(2012E-34-11)

摘　　要：高密度和宽方位地震采集技术的广泛应用大幅度提高了地震勘探的精度,高覆盖密度、小面元、点采集已经成为目前获得更高精度资料的采集技术发展方向。但是对于实际生产来说,由于采集成本的制约,不可能无限制增加采集强度,如何在有限的成本投入条件下获得最优的采集效果是目前业界普遍研究的课题。通过对中国西部某区高密度三维实际地震资料进行基于叠前偏移的采集面元分析后认为,小面元提高资料精度是以高覆盖密度为条件的,在覆盖密度一定条件下,过分强调小尺寸面元并不一定能够获得更高分辨率的资料,适当增加面元尺寸更有利于改善波场均匀性和资料成像的振幅保真度,获得更高精度的资料成果。Wide application of high density and wide azimuth seismic acquisition technology has significantly improved the seismic exploration precision. High coverage density, small bin and point collection have become the development directions of seismic acquisition technology to obtain more accurate data. However, as for actual production, it is impossible to unlimitedly increase acquisition strength under the limitations of acquisition cost. How to obtain the optimized acquisition effect under the condition of limited cost is a widely-studied problem in the industry at the present time. With the analysis of acquisition bin of 3D high-density seismic data based on PSTB in a certain area of West China, it is considered that the accuracy of seismic data improved by small bin is based on the condition of high coverage density. Overemphasis on small bin size cannot necessarily obtain the data of a higher resolution under the condition of high coverage density. Appropriate increase of bin size can help improve the uniformity wave field and amplitude fidelity of data imaging, acquiring the data of higher precision.

关 键 词：观测系统 面元尺寸 覆盖密度 信噪比 地震采集 采集脚印 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]