可逆型化学振荡器  

Reversible Chemical Oscillators

作　　者：翟俊红[1] 贺占博[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学理学院化学系,天津300072

出　　处：《化学进展》2003年第2期92-100,共9页Progress in Chemistry

摘　　要：该文给出了可逆型化学振荡器的定义、意义和可能存在的类型。这些类型包括 :( 1 )自发乳化 ,通电破乳 ;( 2 )乳液中自发产生的甘油三酯水解振荡反应及通电逆向酯化反应 ;( 3)用表面活性剂有机溶液代替盐桥 ,形成新型的电化学振荡 ,通电逆向电解。文章对这 3种类型可逆型化学振荡器的来源、组成、实验方法、理论分析方法和应用前景进行了深入的讨论和分析。它们还可以进一步组合 ,形成更多的类型。其主要的研究方法为用正交实验确定最佳配方 ,由相关分析确定影响因素。这些可逆型化学振荡器的关键组分都是表面活性剂 ,是表面活性剂在非线性化学动力学研究中的又一应用。对可逆型化学振荡器的研究必将大大促进远离平衡态的复杂反应动力学研究及新型交流蓄电池的开发设计。The definition, significance and possible type of reversible chemical oscillator has been given. The types include: (1)spontaneous emulsion and electrifying demulsion; (2)spontaneous oscillatory reaction of triglyceriedes hydrolysis in the emulsion and electrifying esterification; (3)substitution of salt bridge with surfactant solution to form new type electric chemical oscillator and then electrolyze to converse reaction. The sources, components, experimental methods, theoritical analysis methods and potential application of the three reversible chemical oscillators have been disscussed and analyzed thoroughly. They can be combined further and form more types. Surfactant is key component of the reversible chemical oscillator which is another application of surfactant in the study of nonlinear chemical kinetics. The study of reversible chemical oscillator will accelerate greatly and consequentially the research of complexity reaction kinetics removed from equilibrium state and the design of new kind of secondary batteries.

关 键 词：可逆 化学振荡器 自发振荡 

分 类 号：O643.1[理学—物理化学]