黄河三角洲芦苇盐沼土壤碳、氮含量和储量的垂直分布特征  

Vertical Distributions of Contents and Storage of Carbon and Nitrogen in Soils in Phragmite australis Salt Marshes in the Yellow River Delta

作　　者：夏志坚[1] 白军红[1] 贾佳[1] 温晓君[1] 高照琴 张光亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《湿地科学》2015年第6期702-707,共6页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51179006和51379012)资助

摘　　要：沿自陆向海方向,在黄河三角洲潮汐区芦苇(Phragmites australis)盐沼中,采集0~60 cm深度土壤的样品,研究土壤碳、氮含量与储量的垂直分布特征。结果表明,在垂直方向上,随土壤深度的增加,土壤有机碳、无机碳和全碳含量在减少,铵态氮、硝态氮和全氮含量在减少,土壤有机碳和全氮储量也在减少,土壤有机碳储量低于全国平均值;土壤全氮含量的垂直分布主要受制于土壤有机质的分布;土壤有机碳、全碳和全氮储量主要集中分布在土壤表层。根据土壤碳氮比,相对近陆的采样点1的土壤有机质来源主要为陆源,其他采样地的土壤有机质除来自陆地外,海洋也是其重要的来源。研究区域土壤含水率分别与土壤有机碳含量、全碳含量、全氮含量和全氮储量显著正相关(n=20,p<0.01);土壤全碳含量、全氮含量分别与土壤容重显著正相关(n=20,p<0.01);土壤全氮含量、全碳储量分别与土壤p H显著负相关(n=20,p<0.05);土壤碳、氮含量和储量都与土壤盐含量不相关;土壤碳、氮含量和储量分别与螃蟹洞数量呈显著指数负相关。Soil samples were collected in the soils of 60 cm depth in Phragmite australis salt marshes in tidal area from land to sea in the Yellow River Delta to investigate the vertical distributions of contents and storage of carbon and nitrogen in the soils. The results showed that the contents of the organic carbon, inorganic carbon,total carbon in the soils decreased gradually with soil depth increase along soil profiles, as did the contents of ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and total nitrogen. Similarly, the organic carbon storage and total nitrogen storage in the soils showed a decline with soil depth. Generally, the organic carbon storage was lower than that of the mean level in China. Vertical distribution of total nitrogen contents were considerably controlled by the contents of soil organic matter. The contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen and total carbon dominantly concentrated in the surface soils. According to C/N ratios, soil organic matter mainly derive from the terrestrial source at sampling site 1, whereas soil organic matter originated from both terrestrial and marine sources at another four sampling sites. The results of correlation analysis showed that soil moisture contents were significantly positively correlated with the contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen and total carbon, and total nitrogen storage(n=20, p<0.01), the contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen showed significant positive correlations with soil bulk density(n=20, p<0.01), and there was a significant negative correlation between soil p H with total nitrogen storage and organic carbon storage were observed(n=20, p<0.01). However, no significant correlations were observed between soil salinity with soil carbon and nitrogen contents and storages. Additionally, the contents and storage of soil carbon and nitrogen exponentially decreased with increasing number of crab holes.

关 键 词：土壤 碳储量 氮储量 潮汐盐沼 芦苇 黄河三角洲 

分 类 号：S153.61[农业科学—土壤学]