小麦叶锈菌在感病寄主上发育的组织病理学和超微结构研究  

Histopathological and ultrastructural studies on development of Puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici in a susceptible wheat cultivar

作　　者：黄国红[1] 康振生[2] 朱之堉[1] 李振歧[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学植保系,保定071001 [2]西北农林科技大学植保学院,生物技术中心,杨凌712100

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2003年第1期52-56,62,共6页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 (30 0 70 4 96) ;国家杰出青年基金项目 (30 1 2 50 31 )资助

摘　　要：应用荧光显微技术、微分干涉技术和生物电镜技术 ,系统地研究了小麦叶锈菌在感病寄主上的发育过程及其超微结构特征。小麦叶锈菌在感病品种上的发育过程可分为几个明显的阶段 ,即孢子的萌发、附着胞的形成、气孔下囊的分化、初生菌丝和次生菌丝的形成和生长、吸器母细胞和吸器的形成、夏孢子床和夏孢子堆的产生以及夏孢子的形成。小麦叶锈菌的胞间菌丝呈丝状 ,生长和分枝通常沿寄主细胞壁进行。胞间菌丝与寄主细胞的接触诱导了吸器母细胞的分化 ,吸器母细胞在与寄主细胞壁的接触部位发育形成入侵栓 ,穿透寄主细胞壁后于细胞内形成吸器。胞间菌丝和吸器母细胞均含有双核 ,而成熟吸器则含有单核。经常规染色后 ,胞间菌丝和吸器母细胞的壁与隔膜均可分辨出由多层构成。The development of wheat leaf rust (Puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici) in the susceptible cultivar 5389 and its ultrastructural features were studied by using fluorescent microscopy, differential interference contrast microscopy, and electron microscopy. Several development stages were investigated in this research including germination of urediospores, formation of a series of structures such as appressoria, substomatal vesicles, primary and secondary infection hyphae, haustorial mother cells, and haustoria, and finally the production of uredinial beds, uredinia, and urediospores. The intercellular hyphae of P. recondita f.sp. tritici grew and ramified along host cell walls in intercellular space. A haustorial mother cell was induced while the hypha came into contact with the host cell, then a penetration peg was formed. The peg penetrated the wall, extended and formed a haustorium inside the cell. Both hypha and haustorial mother cell were dikaryotic, while the typical mature haustorium was mono-karyotic. The results from conventional staining showed that the walls of intercellular hyphae and haustorial mother cells had multilayers, so did their septa.

关 键 词：感病寄主 发育 小麦 叶锈菌 组织病理学 超微结构 

分 类 号：S435.111.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]