浙江省南瓜疫病的病原菌鉴定及生物学特性研究  

Study on identification of the causal organisms of pumpkin phytophthora blight and its biological characters in Zhejiang

作　　者：王汉荣[1] 茹水江[1] 王连平[1] 贝亚维[1] 高春先[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院植物保护与微生物研究所,浙江杭州310021

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2003年第1期13-18,共6页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：国家重大科技产业项目工厂化高效农业示范工程(960120404);浙江省"九五";"十五"重点课题(971102018;011102182)。

摘　　要：1999—2002年,在浙江省南瓜上分离到76个疫病菌分离物,取典型的2个分离物作为供试菌株,根据对南瓜疫病的症状,疫病菌分离物的孢子囊、有性器官及菌落形态等特征的观察,以及生物学特性研究表明,孢囊梗不规则分枝,孢子囊顶生,近球形至不规则形,有明显的乳突,有的孢子囊则不止一个乳突,孢子囊成熟后易脱落,并带有长的孢囊柄,在水中极易释放出游动孢子。异宗配合,藏卵器球形,壁薄而平滑,柄多为棍棒形;雄器围生,卵孢子球形,黄褐色,壁厚而平滑,不满器,直径为16～26μm。该菌最适生长温度为25～30℃,最高生长温度大于35℃。该菌能利用淀粉及硝态氮,对孔雀石绿具有一定耐性,不产生厚垣孢子,人工接种能侵染番茄、辣椒、茄子、黄瓜、长瓜、南瓜等13种寄主植物。因此,将浙江南瓜疫病病原菌鉴定为PhytophthoracapsiciLeonian。Seventysix isolates of Phytophthora were isolated from diseased pumpkin in Zhejiang during 1999-2002. Comparative studies on morphological,cultural,physiological characters,pathogenicity and host range of the two of them were made. The sporangia vary in size, length/breadth 1.38-2.28,usually with single papilla, long sporangiophore, no chlamydospores produced. Heterothallic, oogonia spherical, smooth, 20.0-31.0 μm in diameter; Oospores spherical ,yellowbrown colour, 16-26 μm in diameter.The optimal temperature of the fungus for growth is 25.0-30.0℃,with high limitation >35℃,this fungus can utilize starch and NO-3-nitrogen.This fungus has a rather wide host range including 10 species(cucumber,pumpkin,calabash gourd,watermelon,muskmelon, tomato,eggplant,potato, Chinese waxgourdpeper).By comparing with the properties of various Phytophthora species, all the two isolates could be indentified as Phytophthora casici Leonian.

关 键 词：浙江 南瓜 疫病 病原菌 鉴定 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S436.429[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]