秦陵兵马俑矿料来源及烧结方式的初步研究  

Preliminary study of provenance and firing style of terra-cotta from Qinshihuang Mausoleum

作　　者：单洁[1] 周娟作[1] 王昌燧[1] 邱平[1] 张仲立 朱君孝 张颖岚 

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学科技史与科技考古系,合肥230026 [2]秦陵兵马俑博物馆,临潼710600

出　　处：《核技术》2003年第4期299-305,共7页Nuclear Techniques

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程(KJCX-No.4);中国科学院重点项目(KZ952-J1-418);国家自然科学基金(19975046)资助

摘　　要：岩相分析结果表明,兵马俑是夹砂陶。对这类陶器的产地分析,需做特殊处理,以去除陶胎中与粘土原料无关的沙粒。利用ICP-AES(电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法)技术测定兵马俑陶片中纯粘土部分的化学成分,并进行统计分析,其结果支持兵马俑原料取自骊山地区的看法。四块兵马俑残片的烧成温度数据高低相差260℃,不排除个别俑在开放状态下烧制的可能。Petrographic analyses of the shards of terra-cotta from Qinshihuang Mausoleum showed that the terra-cotta was made of sand-tempered pottery. Pure clay samples should be obtained from pottery body using a spe-cial method to remove the tempered sand. Both pure clay and soil samples from the area of Mountain Li were ana-lyzed by ICP-AES, and then the composition data were handled with cluster analysis. Its result supported the conjec-ture that the material of terra-cotta was from Mountain Li area. The firing temperature of 4 shards of terra-cotta sug-gested that not every terra-cotta was made in the kiln, some individual might be made in the open air.

关 键 词：秦陵兵马俑 岩相分析 产地分析 ICF—AES 聚类分析 烧成温度 烧结方式 夹砂陶 考古 

分 类 号：K876.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K878.8[历史地理—历史学]