优质失水山梨醇单月桂酸酯的合成  

Synthesis of High Quality Sorbitan Monolaurate

作　　者：曾贵玉[1] 倪永全[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所,四川绵阳621900 [2]江南大学化学与工程学院,江苏无锡214036

出　　处：《精细化工》2003年第4期234-236,共3页Fine Chemicals

摘　　要：以山梨醇和月桂酸为原料,采用先醚化后酯化的二步法合成目标产物。探讨了各主要影响因素对目标产物色泽和三项指标(酸值、羟值、皂化值)的影响,得到了适宜的反应条件,即醚化反应条件:温度175℃、时间70min、w(磷酸)=0 77%;酯化反应条件:温度200～205℃、w(碳酸氢钠)=0 9%～1 0%、时间120min。经分析,实验得到的目标产物和扩试产品三项指标均合格,色泽为乳白色,单酯质量分数大于90%。Sorbitan monolaurate(Span 20) is a very famous nonionic surfactant which possesses many excellent properties such as emulsifying,dispersing,and being nontoxic,nonirritant and lowvolatile. Span 20 was synthesized from sorbitol and lauric acid by twostep method(etherification followed by esterification),and the main influencing factors on the product color and three quality indexes(acid value, hydroxyl value and saponification value) were also studied.Experimental results indicate that the catalyst of esterification is an important factor to gain a qualified product with a light color.The suitable reaction conditions were obtained, i.e.,for etherification,reaction temperature 175 ℃,reaction time 70 min and w(phosphoric acid)=077%;for esterification,reaction temperature 200-205 ℃,w(sodium bicarbonate)=09%-10% and reaction time 120 min.Analytical results showed that the three quality indexes of all samples from laboratory and pilotplant tests were eligible,the color was ivory and the mass fractions of monoester were higher than 90%.

关 键 词：失水山梨醇单月桂酸酯 醚化 酯化 合成 非离子表面活性剂 

分 类 号：TQ423.2[化学工程]