刑警职业紧张和紧张反应研究  

Occupational Stress and Strain in Criminal Policemen

作　　者：曾繁华[1] 王治明[1] 王绵珍[1] 兰亚佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院劳动卫生学教研室,四川成都610041

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2002年第5期281-283,共3页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 (编号 :39970 62 3)

摘　　要：[目的 ]研究刑警的职业紧张和紧张反应程度。 [方法 ]应用职业紧张量表 (OSI R)对 191例刑警和 2 2 0例对照人群进行测试。 [结果 ]①刑警组的职业任务和紧张反应得分均显著高于对照组 ,而应对资源得分低于对照组 ,组间差异都具有统计学意义 (P <0 0 1)。②职业任务分析显示 ,刑警组在任务不适、任务模糊、任务冲突、责任感五个子项上的得分较对照组高 (P <0 0 1)。任务过重和工作环境两项的得分无统计学差异。③紧张反应分析结果显示 ,除人际关系紧张反应外 ,业务、心理和躯体紧张反应三个子项得分刑警组均显著高于对照组 ,具有统计学意义 (P <0 0 1)。④刑警组应对资源各子项 :娱乐休闲、自我保健、社会支持和理性处事四项得分均显著低于对照组 (P <0 0 1)。 [结论 ]刑警职业紧张和紧张反应显著增高。针对刑警的紧张源 ,应采取有效措施缓解其紧张反应 ,增强刑警的应对资源 ,促进和保护刑警的身心健康 。To evaluate occupational stress and strain of the criminal policemen. The sampled 191 criminal policemen and 220 controlled employees were surveyed though use of Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition (OSI R). (1)General consideration,the scores of occupational role and strain in the group of policemen are sgnificantly higher than those in the controls,whereas the scores of the personal resources are lower in policemen. The difference presents statistically significant ( P <0 01). (2)Among the 6 items of occupational role questionnaire,the scores of role insufficiency,role ambiguity,role boundary and responsibility are obviously higher in the policeman group ( P <0 01). There is no statistical difference in the scores of overload and physical environment between the two groups. (3)The scores of all items of occupational strain but interpersonal strain in the policeman group,namely,vocational strain,psychological strain and physical strain,are significantly higher than those in the control group ( P <0 01). (4)About the personal resources,the results indicate that all the itmes,that is to say,recreation,self care,social support and rational cognitive coping of policemen are superior to those of controls ( P <0 01). [Conclusion] The stress and strain of the criminal policemen are obviously increased. Efficient measures should be taken to reduce thier stress and strain and strengthen their coping resources, which lead to promote their physical and mental health,and improve the quality of their occupational lives as well.

关 键 词：刑警 职业紧张 紧张反应 研究 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生]