理想玻色气体的凝聚及其蒙特卡罗模拟  

Mote Carlo Simulation in Bose-Einstein Condensation in an Ideal Gas

作　　者：张廷宪[1] 陈宏斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]曲靖师范学院物理系,云南曲靖655000 [2]北京师范大学物理学系,北京100875

出　　处：《曲靖师范学院学报》2002年第6期43-46,共4页Journal of Qujing Normal University

摘　　要：对于理想玻色气体的平衡态分布下 ,当化学势 μ由趋于零即Z =eμ/KT趋于 1时 ,系统中的粒子以宏观上有限的百分比凝聚于ε =0单粒子态上 .通过量子系统的Metropolis方法的模拟 ,在粒子数很少的情况下 ,基态粒子数涨落很大 ,甚至出现类似能级分布 ;其次 ,在T <Tc(凝聚临界温度 )时 ,确实发生玻色 -爱因斯坦凝聚 ,Tc 与理论值是否完全相符还有待进一步验证 .When the chemical potential μ limits to zero, the steady increase of particles in the ground state with ε=0 under Bose-Einstein gas in equilbirium distribution. This is called Bose-Einstein condensation. Though Monte Carlo simulation in quantum ensenble, when the number of particles in the system in small we find: First, the fluctuation of the number of particles in the ground state is very quick and is analogous to energy level distribution. Second, when T<T c , the system appears Bose-Einstein condensation, but whether T c is congruous with the theoretical value should be further verified.

关 键 词：玻色气体 蒙特卡罗模拟 Metropolis方法 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚 

分 类 号：O431.2[机械工程—光学工程]