开放式空气CO_2增高对水稻物质生产与分配的影响  

Effect of free-air CO_2 enrichment on biomass accumulation and distribution in rice.

作　　者：黄建晔[1] 董桂春[1] 杨洪建[1] 王余龙[1] 朱建国[2] 杨连新[1] 单玉华[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学农业部作物栽培生理重点实验室,扬州225009 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2003年第2期253-257,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目(KZCX 2 40 8);国家自然科学基金资助项目 (30 2 70 777)

摘　　要：在大田栽培条件下 ,研究开放式空气CO2 增加 (FACE) 2 0 0 μmol·mol-1的处理对水稻物质生产与分配的影响 .结果表明 ,FACE处理使移栽至抽穗后 2 0d的干物质积累量显著增加 ,使抽穗后 2 0d至成熟期的干物质生产量显著减少 ,生物产量显著提高 .移栽至抽穗期的干物质积累量增加是由于叶面积系数和净同化率共同提高所致 ;抽穗期至抽穗后 2 0d的干物质积累量增加主要是由于叶面积系数的增加所致 ;抽穗后 2 0d至成熟期的干物质生产量减少主要是由于净同化率的下降所造成 .提高茎鞘占全株干物重的比例 ,降低叶片占全株干物重的比例 ,对穗占全株干物重的比例无显著影响 ,能显著提高水稻抽穗期茎鞘中可溶性糖、淀粉的含有率和含量 ,提高FACE处理的生物产量能极显著提高水稻产量 (r =0 .782 5 ) .Investigation on the effect of free air CO 2 enrichment (FACE) on biomass accumulation and distribution in different parts of rice plant treated with 200 μmol·mol -1 CO 2 elevation under field condition showed that the dry matter accumulated from transplanting to 20th day after heading and the total biomass increased significantly , while the dry mater accumulated from 20th day after heading to maturity was significantly depressed under FACE treatment. The enhancement of both leaf area index (LAI) and net assimilation rate (NAR) under FACE treatment resulted in the increase of dry matter accumulated from transplanting to heading, while the dominant reason for the increase of dry matter accumulated during 20 days after heading was the slowed decline of LAI. The decline of dry matter accumulated from 20th day to maturity was mainly caused by the decrease of NAR. The percentage of dry matter distributed in stem and sheath increased under FACE treatment, while that in leaf decreased, and that in panicle showed no significant change. The content (%) and amount of soluble sugar and starch in stem and sheath at heading was significantly elevated under FACE.The grain yield of rice under FACE treatment could be significantly improved by raising biomass.

关 键 词：开放式空气C02浓度增高 水稻 物质生产 物质分配 可溶性碳水化合物 叶面积系数 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]