氚水在模拟水稻-水-土壤生态系统中的行为  

Behavior of HTO in simulated rice-water-soil ecosystem.

作　　者：史建君[1] 郭江峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学原子核农业科学研究所农业部核农学重点开放试验室,杭州310029

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2003年第2期269-272,共4页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(39870 15 0 );浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(3980 32 )

摘　　要：采用模拟污染物的同位素示踪技术研究HTO(氚水 )在水稻 水 土壤模拟生态系统中的迁移、消长行为 ,并应用三库室开系统模型和非线性回归方法确定了水稻、水和土壤分室的拟合方程 .结果表明 ,田表水中的HTO不仅在系统各分室间转移和分配 ,而且迅速向系统外散逸 ;HTO中的氚以自由水氚和结合态氚形式存在于水稻中 ,以吸湿性水氚和结晶水氚存在于土壤 ,其中自由水氚 (或吸湿性水氚 )的比活度大于结合态氚 (或结晶水氚 ) ;水稻植株和土壤中HTO比活度随时间增加至最大值后又趋于下降 ,而结合态氚则呈缓慢增加 ;水稻茎秆中的总氚比活度高于其它各部位 ,而后逐渐趋于动态平衡 .对实验数据进行回归分析得 :田表水、土壤和水稻植株中的总氚比活度分别为Cw(t) =3 2 .19e-0 .0 353t+99.94e-0 .330t、Cs(t)=2 0 .42 (e-0 .0 353t-e-0 .330t)和Cr(t) =3 8.49e-0 .0 353t- 10 .13e-0 .330t- 2 8.3 6e-2 .574 4t.方差分析结果表明 ,各回归方程较好地反映了HTO在水稻 水The behavior of transportation,accumulation and disappearance of HTO (tritium water) in a simulated rice water soil ecosystem was studied by using isotope tracer techniques for simulated pollutants, and the fitting equation was confirmed by application of the open three compartment system model and nonlinear regression method. The results showed that HTO in water was not only transferred to other compartments in the ecosystem, but also vaporized into atmosphere rapidly. Both free water tritium and bound tritium were found in the rice, and tritium of hygroscopic and crystalline water was consisted in the soil. The specific activity of free water tritium (or tritium of hygroscopic water) was stronger than that of bound tritium (or tritium of crystalline water). The specific activity of total tritium reduced after reaching the maximum in the rice and soil, and the bound tritium increased slowly. The specific activity of total tritium in stem was the strongest in the rice, and reached equipoise each other in the later stage gradually. The regression equations of accumulation and disappearance for the specific activity of total tritium in the water, soil and rice were given by analyzing the obtained data with exponential regression method. The analysis results of variance showed that each regression equation could describe the behavior of accumulation and disappearance of HTO in the rice water soil ecosystems preferably.

关 键 词：氚水 模拟水稻-水-土壤生态系统 迁移行为 消长行为 环境行为 放射生态学 核电站放射性排放物 

分 类 号：S154.4[农业科学—土壤学]