医院感染性腹泻的临床特征分析  

Clinical Characteristic Analysis of Nosocomial Infected Diarrhea

作　　者：易霞云[1] 王曼平[1] 龚瑞娥[1] 冯丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅医院,湖南长沙410008

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2003年第1期18-20,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的　为了解医院感染性腹泻的临床特征 ,制定有效的预防控制措施。方法　对 1999～ 2 0 0 0年度的 5 490 3例住院患者进行前瞻性和回顾性调查 ,并将医院感染性腹泻患者分为 A、B两组 ,腹泻前用过抗菌药物者为 A组 ,腹泻前未用过抗菌药物者为 B组 ;分别观察、记录两组患者的发病时间、伴随症状、大便性状及致病菌结果。结果　 1999～ 2 0 0 0年度医院感染性腹泻发病率为 0 .85 % ,占医院感染总数的 17.0 4% ,居医院感染的第 3位 ;A组有 5 1.3 1%在入院 10 d后发病 ,60 .95 %持续腹泻 5～ 10 d,伴发热者仅 2 0 .99% ;致病菌中主要为 G+菌和真菌 ,与 B组比较差异有显著性。结论　预防控制医院感染性腹泻 ,除加强医院环境和餐饮管理外 。OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical characteristic of nosocomial infected diarrhea and make effective measures to prevent and control it. METHODS Retrospective and prospective epidemiological survey was used on 54903 hospitalized cases from 1999 to 2000. Diarrhea patients were grouped as A and B. Before diarrhea, patients in group A used antibiotics since admission, while group B did not use any antibiotics. The time of onset, concomitant symptoms, feces properties and pathogens were surveyed and recorded. RESULTS Incidence of nosocomial infected diarrhea was 0.85% between 1999 and 2000. Diarrhea infection is the third and accounts for 17.04 % in all hospital infections. 51.31% of group A developed diarrhea after 10 days since hospitalization, 60.95% persisted for 5 10 days, only 20.99% had concomitant fever. The main pathogens were Gram positive bacteria and fungi. There is a significant difference compared with group B. CONCLUSIONS In order to prevent and control the nosocomial infected diarrhea the management of hospital environment, and the food quality should be improved, but it is more important to strengthen the antibiotic usage in hospital.

关 键 词：医院 感染性腹泻 临床特征 预防 发病率 控制 

分 类 号：R442.2[医药卫生—诊断学]