桥小脑角区面神经与小脑下前动脉的显微解剖  

Microanatomy of the Facial Nerve and the Anterior Inferior Artery in Cerebellopontine Angle

作　　者：王孝文[1] 王金平[1] 高培福[1] 鞠学红[1] 冷志敏[1] 鞠晓华[1] 

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院解剖学教研室,山东潍坊261042

出　　处：《潍坊医学院学报》2003年第2期87-89,共3页Acta Academiae Medicinae Weifang

摘　　要：目的　研究桥小脑角区小脑下前动脉形成的动脉袢及面神经与脑桥小脑间隙动脉袢的显微解剖关系。方法　采用经福尔马林固定、灌注蛛红明胶的成人尸头 2 2个 (共 4 4侧 ) ,在手术显微镜下解剖观察 ,并进行有关数据的统计学处理。结果　①在 4 4侧尸头标本中存在动脉袢的为 4 2侧 (95 .4 5 % )。每侧只有 1个动脉袢的 13侧 (30 .95 % ) ;有 2个动脉袢的 2 0侧 (47.6 2 % ) ;有 3个动脉袢的 2侧 (4.76 % ) ;有 4个和 5个动脉袢的各为1侧 (2 .38% )。②脑桥小脑间隙动脉袢由小脑下前动脉本干形成者 33侧 (78.5 7% ) ;由小脑下前动脉侧支形成者9侧 (2 1.93% )。③脑桥小脑间隙动脉袢的类型中内耳门外型者 2 3侧 (5 4.76 % ) ;内耳门型者 5侧 (11.9% ) ;内耳道型者 14侧 (33.33% )。④脑桥小脑间隙动脉袢的空间位置中水平位者 2 9侧 (6 9.0 5 % ) ;垂直位者 13侧 (30 .95 % )。⑤面神经与脑桥小脑间隙动脉袢的位置关系有五种 ,其出现率分别为 :中间位 5 4.76 % (2 3侧 )、下位 11.96 % (5侧 )、后位 9.5 2 % (4侧 )、上位 4 .76 % (2侧 )和前位 2 .38% (1侧 )。⑥动脉袢与面神经根接触者出现率为77.0 2 % .结论　桥小脑角区脑桥小脑间隙动脉袢的形成及空间位置复杂 ;并且面神经与脑桥小脑间隙动脉袢形成复杂的?Objective To study the microanatomy of the artery loop formed by the anterior inferior cerebellar artery and the microanatomical relationship beween the facial nerve and the artery loop in CPA.Methods The relationship between the facial nerve and the anterior inferior cerebellar artery loop was studied in 44 sides of 22 adult head specimens with surgical microscope.Results ①In 44 sides there were 42 ones in which the artery loop existed,1 loop in 13 sides, 2 in 20 sides,3 in 2 sides,4 in 1 side and 5 in 1 side,respectively.②Of all the artery loops,there were 33 formed by AICA,while the others by the branches of AICA.③Based on its location to the internal acoustic pore,23 were lateral to the internal acoustic pore,5 were proximal to it and 14 were in the internal acoustic meatus.④The artery loops in 29 sides were in the horizontal plane,the others in the vertical plan.⑤There were 5 patterns of the relationship between the facial nerve and the artery loop,the artery loops in 23 sides running across the facial nerve and the vestibulocochlear nerve,in 5 sides inferior to the facial nerve, in 4 sides were posterior to it,2 sides superior and 1 side anterior, respectively.⑥The frequency of the artery loop compressing the facial nerve was 77.02%.Conclusion The artery loop has very complex anatomy and its close and complicate relationship to the facial nerve might cause facial nerve diseases.

关 键 词：桥小脑角 面神经 小脑下前动脉 脑桥小脑间隙动脉袢 显微解剖 福尔马林 蛛红明胶 

分 类 号：R323.1[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]