点带石斑鱼仔、稚、幼鱼的生长与发育  

Growth and Development of the Larva, Juvenile and Young Fish of Epinephelus malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider)

作　　者：邹记兴[1,2] 向文洲[2] 胡超群[2] 林坚士[2] 章之蓉[2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部水产增养殖生态,生理重点开放实验室,上海水产大学,上海200090 [2]中国科学院南海洋研究所,广州510301

出　　处：《高技术通讯》2003年第4期77-84,共8页Chinese High Technology Letters

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2002B21502;C20817);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-SW-303);863计划青年基金(863-819-Q-04)资助

摘　　要：报道了点带石斑鱼(Epinephelus malabaricus Bloch & Schneider)仔、稚、幼鱼生长与发育的研究结果:(1)根据卵黄囊、鳍棘、鳞片的变化,点带石斑鱼的胚后发育可分为仔鱼期、稚鱼期和幼鱼期,仔鱼期根据卵黄囊的有无,可分为卵黄囊仔鱼和后期仔鱼。(2)点带石斑鱼胚后发育经历了4次重要的生长变化,分别是:8d前全长缓慢增加,体重负增长;仔鱼期第15～18d快速生长;仔鱼后期至稚鱼前期的第25～34d高速生长;幼鱼期平稳生长。(3)点带石斑鱼生长发育过程最明显的变化是腹鳍第一鳍棘与背鳍第二鳍棘的长出与收回。(4)点带石斑鱼仔、稚、幼鱼生长发育与食性转换过程要经历4个危险期。提出了采取相应预防措施降低死亡率的方法。The paper reported part of results from the growth and development of larva, juvenile and young fish: 1) According to the variation on the yolk-sac, fin spines and scales of E. malabaricus, the post embryonic development of them be divided into larval stage, juvenile stage, and young fish stage, as the larval stage including yolk-sac larva and late-stage larva if not yolk-sac. 2) There are four important growth variation stages as the embryonic development of E. malabaricus for total length (TL) of the larva increases slowly but the weight decreases before 8 years old, TL of the larva increases fast from 15 to 18 years old, TL of the larva, very fast from 25 to 34 years old, the growth velocity increases calmly, respectively. 3) The spine growth and configuration is most obvious changes during growth and development of E. malabaricus, the first spine of ventral fin grows early for 2 days, but the growth velocity is a lot slow to the second dorsal fin. The biggest relative length of these two spines appears simultaneously in 25 days old, the first spine of ventral fin to 52.55 % of TL, as the second spine of dorsal fin to 57.12% of TL, under condition of water temperature 26℃, while biggest length of these two spines appear simultaneously in 33 days during the development of larva and juvenile, namely 9.04mm and 11.8mm, respectively. Water management of seed culture is very difficult with long spines. 4) Four crises appear during the growth and development as well as food shift of the larva, juvenile, young fish of E. malabaricus . It is because bad hatch, unsuccessful food shift, insufficient or scarce nutrient as DHA, EPA etc. , difficult water control and disease precaution, carnage each other and handicap of spines etc. The paper has given relevant precaution to decrease the mortality of them, further, discussed and summarized these results.

关 键 词：点带石斑鱼 仔鱼 稚鱼 幼鱼 生长 发育 

分 类 号：S962[农业科学—水产养殖]