含铅、无铅汽油尾气排出颗粒提取物的细胞膜毒性比较(英文)  

Comparison of Membrane Toxicity between the Extracts from Unleaded and Leaded Gasoline Exhaust Particulates

作　　者：袁东[1] 周伟[2,3] 叶舜华[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市疾病预防控制中心环境与健康,安全科 [2]上海医科大学公共卫生学院环境卫生教研室 [3]哈佛大学公共卫生学院环境卫生教研室

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2003年第2期87-90,共4页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

摘　　要：[目的 ]通过实验室细胞染毒模型来揭示无铅汽油的使用能否减低汽车尾气颗粒有机提取物的细胞膜毒性。 [方法 ]在发动机台架试验上 ,分别使用市售 90 #含铅及无铅两种汽油来制造尾气。收集尾气的颗粒物及其吸附有机物 ,并检测尾气中HC与CO浓度。将体外培养中国仓鼠肺细胞 (CHL)暴露于尾气的提取物中 ,通过检测细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)及细胞内K+ 及Ca2 + 浓度来分析细胞内外物质交换的变化 ,从而说明不同汽油排出尾气颗粒有机提取物的细胞膜毒性。 [结果 ]随着对细胞染毒剂量的增加 ,培养液中的LDH浓度以及细胞内的Ca2 + 浓度有增加的趋势 ,而细胞内K+ 浓度有降低的趋势 ,这种变化呈剂量 反应关系。统计学检验表明 ,无铅汽油尾气颗粒提取物的细胞膜毒性与对照组及其他实验组有显著性的差别。 [结论 ]无铅汽油的使用能减少尾气中CO、HC及颗粒物的排放。与含铅汽油相比较 。To investigate if use of unleaded gasoline (ULG) has reduced the toxicity of gasoline exhaust particulates (GEPs) to cell membrane in vitro . The ULG and leaded gasoline (LG) were used to the Engine Dynamometer during idle and medium duty operating status,respectively,to produce tail exhausts. The hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) of the exhausts were detected. The GEPs were collected to extract absorbed organic matter. The in vitro cultured Chinese hamster lung (CHL) cells were treated with different extracts. The quantity of cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released from the cells into the media,and the intracellular concentrations of K + and Ca 2+ were detected to assess the degree of toxic damage to the cell membrane. Both LDH content in the media and intracellular Ca 2+ concentration increased,while intracellular K + content decreased accordingly. These changes showed a dose response relationship,suggesting that GEPs damaged cell membrane,resulting in an outflow of intracellular LDH and K + from the cells,and an inflow of extracellular Ca 2+ into the cells. Statistically significant differences in cell toxicity was found between the cells treated with ULG GEPs extract and others. [Conclusion] ULG has reduced the emission of hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO). The GEPs from the ULG present less cell membrane toxicity than those from the LG.

关 键 词：细胞膜毒性 含铅汽油 无铅汽油 尾气排出颗粒提取物 

分 类 号：X503.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]