芥子气染毒剂量及防治药物筛选实验的研究  

Confirmation of suitable dosage of sulfure mustard(SM) in SD rats for screening preventive and therapeutic drugs

作　　者：吕挺 赵炎军[1] 张海云[1] 陈志龙[1] 孙结[1] 马骞[1] 赵杰[1] 樊军文[1] 张黎明[1] 

机构地区：[1]第二军医大学海医系防化医学教研室,上海200433

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2003年第4期426-428,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：全军医药卫生"十五"指令性课题 (0 1L0 54)

摘　　要：目的　确定SD大鼠合适的芥子气染毒剂量 ,以用于进一步的防治药物筛选实验。方法　以SD大鼠为动物模型 ,分别设立正常对照组和芥子气 3、3 5、4mg/kg体重 3个染毒剂量组 ,通过观察 1周内动物腹泻率和死亡率、体重变化、血常规和血生化指标变化以及骨髓涂片看细胞增生程度和细胞学分类等来评价各染毒剂量对机体的毒性作用。结果　各染毒组都无动物死亡 ,但染毒剂量越高 ,腹泻率也越高 ,分别为 0 ,2 0 %和 75 % ,而动物体重变化则跟染毒剂量呈反比。染毒剂量越高 ,血常规各检验指标数值与正常组差别越显著 ,尤其以白细胞总数 (WBC)和淋巴细胞分类 (LYM )下降最为明显。各染毒组与正常组相比 ,血生化各指标均无显著性差异。各染毒组和正常对照组骨髓涂片均显著增生活跃或明显活跃 ,但细胞学分类却存在显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。其中淋巴细胞系比例随着芥子气染毒剂量的增高 ,呈明显下降趋势 ,而红细胞系比例则呈升高趋势 ,粒细胞系变化不明显。结论　 4mg/kg体重染毒剂量在不引起动物死亡或较少死亡的基础上 ,既能造成明显的腹泻症状和体重改变 ,而且又有显著的血常规指标和骨髓细胞学分类改变。因此 ,使用该染毒剂量作为SD大鼠芥子气防治药物筛选比较合适。Objective To confirm the suitable dosage of sulfur mustard(SM) in SD rats for screening the preventive and therapeutic drugs.Methods SD Rats were used as the animal model,and four groups were established normal control group and three SM groups of different dosages,which were 3,3.5 and 4?mg/kg(body weight)respectively.Diarrhoea rate and death rate,changes of body weight,general examination and clinical biochemistry of blood,cytological examination of bone marrow in week were observed to evaluate the toxic effetcs induced by different dosages of SM.Results General status:There were no animals died in all groups,but the higher the dosage of SM,the higher the diarrhoea rate was,and the percentages were 0%,20% and 75% respectively.Changes of animals body weight showed inverse proportion to the dosage of SM.General examination of blood:The higher the dosage of SM,the more significantly the difference contrasted to the normal control group,and especially the descent of leukocytes and lymphocytes were the most signficantly.Clinical biochemistry of blood:There was no significant difference between all groups.Cytological examination of bone marrow:All groups showed that proliferation of the marrow cells were active or very active,but the cytological classification were still obviously different.The lymphocytic ratio showed significantly decreasing tendency as the increasing of dosage of SM.However,the erythrocytic ratio showed increasing tendency,while the granulocytic ratio was not obviously changed.Conclusion The dosage of 1mg/kg(body weight) of SM was the most suitable dosage for screening the preventive and therapeutic drugs in SD rat.

关 键 词：染毒剂量 防治药物 实验 芥子气中毒 药物筛选 

分 类 号：R827.174[医药卫生—临床医学] R965.1