季氨化合物洗消剂的毒性及致突变作用研究  

Study on toxicity and mutagenic effects of quaternary ammonium compound detergent

作　　者：梁晓芸[1] 李少群[1] 杜琰琰[1] 麦惠霞[1] 诸茂盛[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州市疾病预防控制中心毒理科,510080

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2003年第4期432-434,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的　研究季氨化合物洗消剂的毒性、遗传毒性及致突变性。方法　按《食品安全毒理学评价程序和方法》进行。结果　LD50 =4 30 0mg/kg ,属低毒级 ,蓄积毒性试验、Ames试验、微核试验、骨髓染色体畸变试验均无明显毒性作用 (P >0 0 5 ) ;精子畸形试验 :各试验组精子畸形率均高于阴性对照组 2倍 ;30d喂养试验对动物体重、血液常规及血清CH、BUN、Glu无明显毒性作用 ,血清ALT含量各剂量组均高于对照组 (P <0 0 1) ;病理组织学检查 :肝脏及睾丸组织均有明显的毒性损害。结论　在本试验条件下 ,季氨化合物洗消剂属低毒级 ,对肝脏及睾丸组织细胞有一定的损伤 ,且有潜在的遗传毒性及致突变作用 ,有待进一步研究 ,需引起人们的关注。Objective To study general toxicity,hereditary toxicity and mutagenicity of quaternary ammonium compound detergent.Methods According to the People's Republic of China standards Procedures and methods for toxicological assessment on food safety.Results The LD 50 of quaternary ammonium compound detergent was 4?300?mg/kg·bw.And there had no significant difference between the experimental groups and the control group in accumulative toxicity test,Ames test,micronucleus test and chromosome aberration test of bone marrow cell etc.In case of sperm shape abnormality test,the rate of abnormal sperm seemed to be twice that of the control group.In 30 days feeding test,there had no dramatically change between the experimental groups and the control group when the indices were the body weight,blood regular test,CH,Bun and Glu in serum etc.But the ACT in serum were higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The histopathology test showed that quaternary ammonium compound detergent was harmful to the liver and testis tissues.Conclusion Quaternary ammonium compound detergent was a kind of lower toxic substance.It was toxic to liver and testis and had hereditary toxicity to mice,which should be noticeable.

关 键 词：季氨化合物洗消剂 毒性 致突变作用 遗传毒性 

分 类 号：R979.7[医药卫生—药品] R994[医药卫生—药学]