医务人员职业暴露特点与干预措施  

Occupational exposure characteristics and interventions of medical staff

作　　者：郁新燕 朱亚红[1] 赵茹[1] 沈燕[1] YU Xin-yan;ZHU Ya-hong;ZHAO Ru;SHEN Yan(Infection Management,Jiangyin Hospital,Southeast University Medical College,Jiangsu Wuxi 214400,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学医学院附属江阴医院感染管理科,江苏无锡214400

出　　处：《临床医药文献电子杂志》2018年第79期182-183,190,共3页Electronic Journal of Clinical Medical Literature

摘　　要：目的探讨职业暴露发生的特点与干预措施,为医务人员提高职业防护提供依据。方法通过医院职业暴露上报系统,回顾性分析2017年01月～2017年12月某院上报的职业暴露案例,统计分析相关资料。结果共上报76例职业暴露事件,护士38例次(50%)和实习护士21例次(27.63%)为职业暴露的主要人群;锐器处置不规范为职业暴露的主要原因,占比51.32%;乙型病毒性肝炎(HBV)为主要暴露源,22例次,占比28.95%,其次为梅毒,9例次,占比11.84%,艾滋病4例次,占比5.26%;6月、7月、8月、10月是高发月份;职业暴露发生科室分散,手术室为职业暴露发生最多科室。结论应加强职业暴露高危人群、高危科室的培训教育,提高医务人员职业防护意识,规范操作流程,实施标准预防,推荐使用安全性药械,减少职业暴露的发生。Objective To explore the characteristics and intervention measures of occupational exposure,and to provide evidence for medical staff to improve occupational protection.Methods Through the hospital occupational exposure reporting system, the occupational exposure cases reported by a hospital from January 2017 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, and relevant data were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 76 occupational exposures were reported. 38 cases(50%) of nurses and 21 cases(27.63%) of nurses were the main groups of occupational exposure.The main reason for the irregular treatment was sharp occupation,accounting for 51.32%.Hepatitis B(HBV) is the main source of exposure,22 cases, accounting for 28.95%,followed by syphilis,9 cases,accounting for 11.84%,AIDS 4 cases, accounting for 5.26%;June,7 Month, August, and October are highincidence months;occupational exposure occurs in departments,and the operating room is the most exposed department for occupational exposure.Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the training and education of high-risk occupational exposure and high-risk departments, improve the occupational protection awareness of medical staff, standardize the operation process, implement standard prevention,recommend the use of safe medical equipment, and reduce the occurrence of occupational exposure.

关 键 词：医务人员 职业暴露 调查 干预 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]