乙型肝炎表面抗原检测中的偶然误差及对策  

Chance Errors in Clinical HBsAg Detection and Countermeasures

作　　者：肖征[1] 周薇薇[1] 徐雅萍[1] 董立 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院,北京100853 [2]漯河市第一人民医院,河南漯河462000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2003年第3期292-294,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的　观察临床常规检测乙型肝炎表面抗原 (HBs Ag)中出现偶然误差的机率以及探讨相应的解决办法。方法　对临床常规检测乙型肝炎表面抗原的血清标本 ,用 EL ISA首次测定后 ,对其阳性标本再用 EL ISA方法复测和用胶体金纸条法检测 ,部分标本再用另外两种 EL ISA试剂检测 ,并对其中 7例标本进行了确认试验。结果共检测 16 94 4例 ,首次单孔测试阳性 883例 ,复查后确定其中阳性 84 6例 ,假阳性率为 4 .1% ,用胶体金法对这84 6例进行测试 ,假阴性率为 8.0 3%。结论　对 EL ISA检测方法 ,阳性者确有必要进行复孔测试 ,若用胶体金法复测可节约成本和时间 ,但单独的胶体金法只适合于初筛试验。OBJECTIVE To analyze chance errors occurred in clinical HBsAg detection. METHODS Clinical sera samples were analyzed by using commercial HBsAg kits. The sera were tested first by ELISA kits, and colloidal gold strips were applied to those showing reactive results. Some samples were checked by two other ELISA kits to see the coincidence with the first one. RESULTS A total of 16944 sera from clinical patients were tested. In the first test procedure, 883 samples were reactive and then retested by a rapid test kit (colloidal gold strips). The result showed that 4.10% additional false positive might occur when first reactive samples were not retested. The rapid test kit showed 8.03% false negative compared with ELISA kits. CONCLUSIONS It is suggested that reactive samples by ELISA with only one well procedure be retested to confirm the results. Rapid test strips can be used for retest to save the time and cost. It′s better to use rapid strips only for screen purpose due to its low sensitivity.

关 键 词：HBSAG 偶然误差 ELISA 乙型肝炎 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学]