小麦籽粒胚乳细胞增殖动态及其与粒重和体积的关系  

Dynamic of Endosperm Cell Proliferation and Relation to Grain Weight and Grain Volume of Wheat

作　　者：周竹青[1] 朱旭彤[2] 

机构地区：[1]孝感学院农学系,湖北孝感432100 [2]华中农业大学,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2003年第2期57-59,共3页Journal of Triticeae Crops

摘　　要：为了了解小麦在不利气候条件下的灌浆机理,改善湖北小麦的产量与品质状况,作者以三种粒型小麦品种(系)为材料,研究了籽粒胚乳细胞增殖动态及其与体积和粒重的关系。结果表明,用Richards方程能较好地模拟胚乳细胞增殖动态。不同品种间胚乳细胞数有明显的差异,表现为大粒饱满品种(鄂恩1号)>大粒不饱满品系(95A-10)>小粒饱满品种(华麦8号)。强势粒胚乳细胞分裂起始势高,达到最高增殖速率时间短,活跃分裂期长,可分裂出更多的胚乳细胞。弱势粒胚乳细胞增殖起始势低,细胞分裂速率变化缓慢,其最终胚乳细胞数显著低于强势粒。多元统计分析表明,决定籽粒体积大小的主要是胚乳细胞数和单个胚乳细胞大小,决定粒重大小的主要是胚乳细胞数和单个细胞重。To know about the wheat grain filling under the bad condition, and to improve the yield and the quality of wheat in Hubei province, the dynamic of endosperm cell proliferation and its relation to grain weight and grain volume were studied using three wheat cultivars (lines) with different grain types. The results showed that the proliferation process of endosperm cell could be better modeled with Richards equation. The endosperm cell number of different cultivars (lines) had significant difference. It showed that the endosperm cell number of Een 1 (with large and plump grains) was greater than that of Huamai 8 (with small and plump grains), the endosperm cell number of 95A10(with 1arge grain volume but wrinkled grain) was between other two cultivars. The initial proliferation potential of vigorous grains were higher, the reaching time of maximum cell proliferation rate of them was shorter, and the active proliferation duration of them was also longer than those of weak gains. The final endosperm cell number of vigorous grains was greater than that of weak grains. Multivarivate statistic ana1ysis showed that the grain volume was mainly determined by the number of endosperm cell and the volume of single endosperm cell, and the grain weight was mainly determined by the number of endosperm cell and the weight of single endosperm cell.

关 键 词：小麦 籽粒 胚乳细胞 增殖动态 粒重 体积 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]