竹提取物的抗真菌作用  

Antifiingal activities of extracts from bamboo

作　　者：操海群[1] 岳永德[1] 彭镇华[1] 花日茂[1] 汤锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学植物保护系,合肥230036

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2003年第1期35-39,共5页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家"九五"攀登计划专项项目(95-专-07)

摘　　要：研究结果表明,毛金竹、毛竹、青皮竹、短穗竹等竹提取物表现出较强的抗真菌作用,72h对小麦赤霉病菌的菌丝抑制率均在80％以上。其中,毛竹提取物在96h后的菌丝抑制率仍达100.0％。毛竹的乙醚和乙酸乙酯提取物表现出较强的抗菌活性,对小麦赤霉病菌的菌丝抑制率均达100％;水提取物的抗菌活性最小,96h内菌丝抑制率不超过25％。用索氏抽提法得到的毛竹乙醚粗提物,对小麦赤霉病菌的抗菌活性明显强于用间歇振荡提取物,前者EC_(50)为0.5178g/L(Y=1.2491X+4.1079,r=0.9860),后者为1.3046g/L(Y=2.2590X+2.4801,r=0.9949)。毛竹乙醚粗提物经初步分离,其中酸性组分的抗菌活性明显强于碱性及中性组分,有关抗菌有效成分的分离鉴定正在深入研究。The antifungal activities of the extracts from bamboo gathered from Guande County, An-hui Province, China, were tested. The result indicated that the extracts of Ph. nigra, Ph . pubescens, Ba. textiles and B. densiflorum exhibited strong antifungal activities. The inhibition rates of the extracts to Fusarium graminearum were all above 80% . Furthermore, the antifungal activity of the extract of Ph. pubescens was up to 100% after 96 hours. The diethyl ether and ethyl acetate extracts of Ph. pubescens showed stronger antifungal activities than the other organic solvent extracts. The extract of Ph. pubescens by Soxhlet method showed stronger antifungal activities man extracts obtained by steeping, the EC50 of the two methods were 0.5178g/L (Y=1.2491X + 4.1079,r= 0.9860) and 1.3046g/L(Y = 2.2590X+2.4801, r=0.9949), respectively. The Phyllostachys pubescens extract was fractionated into basic, acidic, neutral fractions. Among these fractions, the acidic fraction showed strong antifungal activities while the basic fraction had nearly no antifungal activities.

关 键 词：竹提取物 抗真菌作用 菌丝抑制率 植物源农药 

分 类 号：S482.39[农业科学—农药学]